Penetapan kadar rutin dan uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/pti.v6i4.4004
Antioxidant DPPH Faloak HPLC Rutin
Abstract
Background: Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) is a traditional medicinal plant used by people of East Nusa Tenggara that contains flavonoid compounds, one of which is rutin, which has potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, information regarding the distribution of rutin across various organs of Faloak plant and its antioxidant activity remains limited.
Purpose: To determine rutin content in ethanol extract of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) leaves using HPLC and to determine antioxidant activity of extract using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method.
Method: This research is a descriptive study conducted in a laboratory by applying treatments to samples, including extraction using ethanol solvent and analysis of target compound using an HPLC instrument. Data generated consist of numerical values from measurement of rutin content and percentage inhibition of DPPH radicals in ethanol extract of Faloak leaves.
Results: Calibration curve of rutin standard showed good linearity ( = 0.993). Ethanol extract of Faloak leaves contains rutin with an average content of 0.807 ± 0.094%. DPPH test results for Faloak leaf extract showed an value of 102.17 ppm, which is classified as a moderate antioxidant category.
Conclusion: Rutin was detected in quantifiable amounts in Faloak leaves. Faloak leaf extract also exhibited moderate antioxidant activity, consistent with detected rutin content, thereby demonstrating potential for development as a natural source of rutin with antioxidant activity.
Keywords: Antioxidant; DPPH; Faloak; HPLC; Rutin.
Downloads
References
Agati, G., Brunetti, C., & Fini, A. (2020). Are flavonoids effective antioxidants in plants? Twenty years of our investigation. Antioxidants, 9(11), 1098-1108.
Akash, S. R., Tabassum, A., & Aditee, L. M. (2024). Pharmacological insight of rutin as a potential candidate against peptic ulcer. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 177.
Araújo, J. de, Oliveira, J. de, Silva, J. da, & Silva, D. da. (2022). Métodos analíticos para avaliação da estabilidade de rutina e análise da formação de seus produtos de degradação: Uma revisão. Research, Society and Development, 11(12).
Cahyono, B., Prihatini, C. S., Suzery, M., & Bima, D. N. (2020). Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan senyawa kuersetin dan ekstrak lengkuas menggunakan HPLC dan UV-Vis. Alchemy Journal Chemistry, 8(2), 24-32.
Cetinkaya, A., Yayla, S., Hurkul, M. M., & Ozkan, S. A. (2025). Comprehensive review on chromatographic analysis of flavonoids in fruits. Journal of Chromatography Open, 7.
Choi, S. S., Park, H. R., & Lee, K. A. (2021). A comparative study of rutin and rutin glycoside: Antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effect, effect on platelet aggregation and blood coagulation. Antioxidants, 10(11).
Dean, M., Handajani, R., & Khotib, J. (2019). Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br) stem bark extract inhibits hepatitis C virus JFH1. Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 35(1), 430-435.
Fuadah, S., Istikharah, R., Tenda, P. E., & Ramadani, A. P. (2025). Potential pharmacological activities of faloak bark (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br.) as an herbal plant from East Nusa Tenggara: A scoping review. Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktik, 2(1), 29-52.
Gulcin, İ., & Alwasel, S. H. (2023). DPPH radical scavenging assay. Processes, 11(8).
Gunadi, D., Oramahi, H. A., & Tavita, G. E. (2017). Studi tumbuhan obat pada etnis Dayak di Desa Gerantung Kecamatan Monterado Kabupaten Bengkayang. Jurnal Hutan Lestari, 5(2), 425-434.
Hamad, R. S. (2023). Rutin, a flavonoid compound derived from garlic, as a potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent against murine Schistosomiasis mansoni. Nutrients, 15(5).
Handoyo, T. R., Purnomo, G. A., Maryanto, C. D., & Gani, M. R. (2022). Validasi dan penetapan kadar senyawa rutin pada ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) dengan metode KCKT. FITOFARMAKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 12(1), 1-13.
Jurinjak Tušek, A., Šamec, D., & Šalić, A. (2022). Modern techniques for flavonoid extraction To optimize or not to optimize? Applied Sciences, 12(22).
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2017). Farmakope herbal Indonesia (Edisi II). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Lee, G. B., Kim, Y., Lee, K. E., Vinayagam, R., Singh, M., & Kang, S. G. (2024). Anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin result from the inhibition of NO production and the reduction of COX-2 levels in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 196(12), 8431-8452.
Lee, J. S., Paje, L. A., & Choi, W. H. (2020). Validation of an optimized HPLC/UV method for the quantification of flavonoids in lotus. Applied Biological Chemistry, 63(1).
Liga, S., Paul, C., & Péter, F. (2023). Flavonoids: Overview of biosynthesis, biological activity, and current extraction techniques. Plants, 12(14).
Liu, W., Feng, Y., & Yu, S. (2021). The flavonoid biosynthesis network in plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(23).
Ma, D., Guo, Y., Ali, I., Lin, J., Xu, Y., & Yang, M. (2024). Accumulation characteristics of plant flavonoids and effects of cultivation measures on their biosynthesis: A review. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 215.
Purwantiningsih, T. I., Widyobroto, B. P., Suranindyah, Y. Y., & Artama, W. T. (2023). Antibacterial activity of faloak (Sterculia quadrifida) leaves extract. Biodiversitas, 24(12), 6613-6620.
Pyrzynska, K. (2022). Flavonoids: A review on extraction methods, stability and biological activities. Nutrients, 14(12).
Saad Rasheed, A. A., Al-Phalahy, B. J., & Mohammed, M. (2022). Modern chromatographic methods for determination flavonoids. Al-Nahrain Journal of Science, 25(4), 1-10.
Santos, A. A., Leal, G. F., & Marques, M. R. (2025). Emerging drying technologies and their impact on bioactive compounds: A systematic and bibliometric review. Applied Sciences, 15(12).
Siswadi, S., Pujiono, E., Rianawati, H., & Saragih, G. S. (2016). Nilai ekonomi kulit batang pohon faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br.). Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 3, 379-388.
Stachelska, M. A., Karpiński, P., & Kruszewski, B. (2025). A comprehensive review of biological properties of flavonoids and their role in the prevention of metabolic, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Applied Sciences, 15(19).
Villiers, A. de, Venter, P., & Pasch, H. (2016). Recent advances and trends in the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids. Journal of Chromatography A, 1430, 16-78.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
