Efektivitas implementasi Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) terhadap keberhasilan pemberian ASI dan peningkatan berat badan pada bayi berat lahir rendah: A systematic review

Evi Karota Bukit; Adelina Rizki Wardani Rangkuti; Nur Hanifah; Shofi Auliya Sari Nasution; Zuleika Fadillah Lubis

doi:10.56922/pti.v6i3.3605

Authors

Evi Karota Bukit Program Studi Magister Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Adelina Rizki Wardani Rangkuti Program Studi Magister Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Nur Hanifah Program Studi Magister Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Shofi Auliya Sari Nasution Program Studi Magister Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Zuleika Fadillah Lubis Program Studi Magister Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Keperawatan, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Exclusive Breastfeeding Kangaroo Mother Care Low Birth Weight Infants Weight Gain

Abstract

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) infants are at high risk for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is recommended by the WHO as an effective skin-to-skin contact intervention; however, the variation in existing study designs necessitates a systematic synthesis of the evidence.

Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care implementation on breastfeeding success and weight gain in low-birth-weight infants.

Method: A systematic review design was employed. A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect (covering publications from 2021–2025). Based on inclusion criteria, 10 articles were ultimately selected comprising RCT, cohort, quasi-experimental, and observational study designs from six countries, examining outcomes related to weight gain and breastfeeding success in low-birth-weight (LBW) infants.

Results: All studies consistently show that KMC significantly increases the daily weight gain of low-birth-weight (LBW) infants (16.4 g/day vs. 10.4 g/day in controls), with optimal effects observed at contact durations of 4–24 hours per day. Furthermore, KMC increases the success rate of exclusive breastfeeding by 14.5–56 percentage points, boosts breast milk intake by 37 g/day, and through early initiation shortens the time required to achieve full enteral feeding from 12.5 days to 9 days.

Conclusion: The implementation of KMC effectively improves weight gain and breastfeeding success in low-birth-weight (LBW) infants, with an optimal minimum duration of 4–6 hours per day. These findings support integrating KMC into standard neonatal nursing care through early initiation and family education.

Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding; Kangaroo Mother Care; Low Birth Weight Infants; Weight Gain.

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