Kurang energi kronik dan undernutrition pada remaja putri: determinan, dampak, dan strategi intervensi berbasis bukti
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/quilt.v6i8.3690
Adolescent Girls Anemia Chronic Energy Deficiency Double Burden Of Malnutrition Nutrition Intervention Undernutrition
Abstract
Backgroud: Adolescent girls constitute an age group highly vulnerable to nutritional issues while simultaneously playing a strategic role in the life cycle as future mothers and the productive generation of the future.
Purpose: To comprehensively examine Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and undernutrition among adolescent girls by analyzing key determinants, health impacts, and the effectiveness of evidence-based nutrition intervention strategies.
Method:The study employed an evidence-based narrative literature review, analyzing relevant national and international articles—including cross-sectional, case-control, longitudinal cohort, mixed-methods, and qualitative studies, as well as narrative, systematic, and scoping reviews.
Results:The findings indicate that CED and undernutrition among adolescent girls are multidimensional issues influenced by the interplay of biological and socioeconomic factors, household food security, dietary intake and quality, anemia, cultural norms, gender inequality, and body image. Furthermore, adolescent girls increasingly face the "double burden of malnutrition," where undernutrition co-occurs with overweight and obesity due to nutritional transitions and obesogenic food environments. Anemia emerges as both a key determinant and a consequence of CED, reinforcing the cycle of malnutrition and increasing long-term health risks. Various school-, community-, and digital media-based nutrition interventions have proven effective in improving nutritional knowledge, adherence to iron-folic acid supplementation, and specific indicators of nutritional status among adolescent girls. However, evidence regarding the sustainability and scalability of these interventions remains limited, particularly when they lack structural and cross-sectoral approaches.
Conclusion: This article emphasizes the importance of a holistic, life-cycle-oriented, and gender-transformative approach to adolescent nutrition as the foundation for developing equitable and sustainable nutrition policies and programs for adolescent girls.
Keywords: Adolescent Girls; Anemia; Chronic Energy Deficiency; Double Burden Of Malnutrition; Nutrition Intervention; Undernutrition,
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