Postur kerja sebagai faktor risiko muculoskeletal disorders (msds) pada pekerja pengguna komputer: Literatur Review
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/quilt.v6i6.3430
Computer Workers Musculoskeletal Disorders Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire ROSA RULA Work Posture
Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the most common occupational health problems and significantly impact worker productivity. Computer workers are at high risk of developing MSDs due to prolonged exposure to unergonomic work postures.
Purpose: To analyze and synthesize scientific evidence regarding the relationship between work posture and the incidence of MSDs in computer workers.
Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed/PubMed Central (PMC), BioMed Central, and Dove Press databases. Inclusion criteria included: original cross-sectional research articles published between 2018 and 2025, using validated MSD measurement instruments (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire/NMQ, Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire/CMDQ, Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire/MUEQ), and work posture assessment instruments (ROSA, RULA, and the posture observation questionnaire).
Results: All 10 literature studies analyzed showed a significant association between non-ergonomic work postures and the incidence of MSDs in computer workers (p<0.05). The prevalence of MSDs ranged from 58.8% to 84.5%. Awkward work postures, such as hunching and twisting, were the strongest risk factors. The highest adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was found for awkward postures (AOR = 8.76) and hunched sitting (AOR = 4.06). The most frequently affected body areas were the neck, lower back, and shoulders. The predominant assessment instrument used was the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA), which has been shown to strongly correlate with MSD complaints.
Conclusion: There is a consistent and significant association between non-ergonomic work postures and the incidence of MSDs in computer workers.
Keywords: Computer Workers; Musculoskeletal Disorders; Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; ; ROSA; RULA; Work Posture.
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