Penerapan progressive muscle relaxation therapy (PMR) dalam upaya penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi dengan nyeri kepala
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/quilt.v6i7.3363
Blood Pressure Headache Non-Pharmacological Therapy Hypertension Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy (PMR)
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease often accompanied by headaches due to elevated blood pressure and increased vascular tension. This condition requires appropriate treatment, both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. One non-pharmacological intervention is Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy (PMR), a gradual muscle-relaxation technique that aims to reduce muscle tension, increase comfort, and lower blood pressure.
Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy (PMR) in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients with headaches.
Method: The method used is a case study with a pretest-posttest approach. The PMR intervention was given for three consecutive days to hypertensive patients. Blood pressure and pain scale measurements using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were carried out before and after the intervention.
Results: Blood pressure and headache intensity decreased gradually. On the first day, blood pressure decreased from 202/100 mmHg to 188/102 mmHg with VAS remaining 6, the second day from 180/98 mmHg to 164/98 mmHg with VAS decreasing from 6 to 4, and the third day from 174/100 mmHg to 150/88 mmHg with VAS decreasing from 4 to 2.
Conclusion: Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy (PMR) is an effective complementary therapy for lowering blood pressure and reducing headaches in hypertensive patients.
Keywords: Blood Pressure; Headache; Non-Pharmacological Therapy; Hypertension; Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy (PMR).
Downloads
References
Anggraini, N. V., & Prabhawaty, Y. (2024). Family Nursing Care With Progressive Muscle Relaxation Innovation Interventions To Reduce Blood Pressure In Elderly People With Hypertension. Indonesian Journal of Community Development, 4(2), 53-64.
Åström, M., Lwin, Z. M. T., Teni, F. S., Burström, K., & Berg, J. (2023). Use of the visual analogue scale for health state valuation: a scoping review. Quality of Life Research, 32(10), 2719-2729.
Bacon, S. L., Campbell, T. S., Arsenault, A., & Lavoie, K. L. (2014). The impact of mood and anxiety disorders on incident hypertension at one year. International Journal of Hypertension, 2014(1), 953094.
Bielewicz, J., Daniluk, B., & Kamieniak, P. (2022). VAS and NRS, same or different? Are visual analog scale values and numerical rating scale equally viable tools for assessing patients after microdiscectomy?. Pain Research and Management, 2022(1), 5337483.
Cahyono, B. D., Huda, N., Aristawati, E., Kusumadayanti, H. Y., Susilawati, E. F., & Salamah, S. (2025). Influence of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy on Blood Pressure Reduction in Families with Hypertension: A Literature Review. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 5(2), 119-130.
Calderone, A., Marafioti, G., Latella, D., Corallo, F., D’Aleo, P., Quartarone, A., & Calabrò, R. S. (2025). Effectiveness of relaxation techniques for stress management and quality of life improvement in cardiovascular disease and hypertensive patients: a systematic review. Psychology, health & medicine, 30(7), 1281-1352.
Djamanmona, R. F., & Ratih, D. (2021). Efektifias Kombinasi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Dan Rendam Kaki Air Jahe Hangat Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Hipertensi. Nursing Arts, 15(1), 47-59.
Hummadi, H. M. (2025). An Educational Program for Patients Suffering from Hypertension Based on the Health Believe Model. Helwan International Journal for Nursing Research and Practice, 4(12), 301-315.
Kario, K., Okura, A., Hoshide, S., & Mogi, M. (2024). The WHO Global report 2023 on hypertension warning the emerging hypertension burden in globe and its treatment strategy. Hypertension Research, 47(5), 1099-1102.
Kaviraja, K., Kumar, B., Natarajan, K., & Arokiaraj, T. B. (2025). Comparing Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Neural Mobilization for Tension-Type Headaches: A Randomized Comparative Study on Pain and Stress Reduction. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 18(3), 2179-2186.
Lo, S. H., Chau, J. P., Woo, J., Thompson, D. R., & Choi, K. C. (2016). Adherence to antihypertensive medication in older adults with hypertension. Journal of Cardiovascular nursing, 31(4), 296-303.
Maritescu, A., Crisan, A. F., Pescaru, C. C., Oancea, C., & Iacob, D. (2025). The Psychological and Physical Benefits of Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Systematic Review. Medicina, 61(6), 1055.
Miftahurroziqin, M. A., Susumaningrum, L. A., Kurdi, F., & Basri, A. A. (2024). Progressive Muscle Relaxation to Reduce Chronic Pain in Elderly with Hypertension: A Case Study. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 4(1), 79-96.
Muhammad Khir, S., Wan Mohd Yunus, W. M. A., Mahmud, N., Wang, R., Panatik, S. A., Mohd Sukor, M. S., & Nordin, N. A. (2024). Efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation in adults for stress, anxiety, and depression: a systematic review. Psychology research and behavior management, 345-365.
Mulyati, L., Hendriana, Y., & Padilah, E. N. (2021, March). Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Meditation Relaxation Treatment of Reduction of Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients in the Village of Sindangagung Kuningan District. In 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020) (pp. 647-650). Atlantis Press.
Nugroho, P., Andrew, H., Kohar, K., Noor, C. A., & Sutranto, A. L. (2022). Comparison between the world health organization (WHO) and international society of hypertension (ISH) guidelines for hypertension. Annals of medicine, 54(1), 837-845.
Ramadhani, R., & Dianingati, R. S. (2023). Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Keluarga Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Kedaton dan Puskesmas Segala Mider Kota Bandar Lampung. Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 3(1), 11-18.
Ubaidillah, Z., Ruhyanudin, F., Al Husna, C. H., Purwanto, E., Agustyaningsih, T., Rahayu, H. T., ... & Anggraeni, D. I. (2023). The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) Exercise on Blood Pressure Reduction in Hypertensive Clients: A Literature Review. KnE Medicine, 177-184.
Xiong, S., Peoples, N., Østbye, T., Olsen, M., Zhong, X., Wainaina, C., ... & Yan, L. L. (2023). Family support and medication adherence among residents with hypertension in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya: a mixed-method study. Journal of human hypertension, 37(1), 74-79.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Farras Zahwa Aghitsna Putri, Henik Tri Rahayu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
