Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun sirih hijau (piper betle L.) sebagai agen fitoterapi topikal dalam perawatan luka kulit: Tinjauan berdasarkan bukti ilmiah
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/quilt.v6i1.2185
Daun Sirih Hijau Fitoterapi Luka Kulit Piper betle L Tinjauan Sistematis
Abstract
Background: Skin wounds remain a common health problem in both primary healthcare settings and hospitals due to the high risk of infection, delayed healing, and increased treatment costs. The use of synthetic topical agents in wound care is often associated with side effects and the risk of antimicrobial resistance, prompting the search for safer and more affordable natural-based alternatives.
Purpose: To review and synthesize scientific evidence regarding the use of green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) as a topical phytotherapeutic agent in the treatment of skin wounds.
Method: This systematic literature review was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was conducted through the Scopus database using the keywords "Piper betle L." AND "wound" for the publication period 2020–2025.
Results: Five articles met the inclusion criteria, demonstrating that green betel leaf extract has antimicrobial activity against pathogens that cause wound infections, reduces the inflammatory response, and accelerates epithelialization and collagen formation.
Conclusion: Green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) has strong potential as a topical phytotherapeutic agent in the treatment of skin wounds. Scientific evidence suggests that its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties contribute to accelerating the wound healing process.
Keywords: Green Betel Leaf; Phytotherapy; Skin Wounds; Piper betle L.; Systematic Review.
Pendahuluan: Luka kulit masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang sering dijumpai baik di pelayanan kesehatan primer maupun rumah sakit karena berisiko tinggi mengalami infeksi, keterlambatan penyembuhan, dan peningkatan biaya perawatan. Penggunaan agen topikal sintetis dalam perawatan luka sering dikaitkan dengan efek samping serta risiko resistensi antimikroba, sehingga mendorong pencarian alternatif berbasis bahan alam yang lebih aman dan terjangkau.
Tujuan: Untuk meninjau dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai pemanfaatan ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) sebagai agen fitoterapi topikal dalam perawatan luka kulit.
Metode: Penelitian systematic literature review disusun berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui basis data Scopus dengan kata kunci “Piper betle L.” AND “wound” pada periode publikasi 2020–2025.
Hasil: Sebanyak lima artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun sirih hijau memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap patogen penyebab infeksi luka, menurunkan respons inflamasi, serta mempercepat epitelisasi dan pembentukan kolagen.
Simpulan: Ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) memiliki potensi kuat sebagai agen fitoterapi topikal dalam perawatan luka kulit. Bukti ilmiah menunjukkan bahwa sifat antimikroba, antiinflamasi, dan antioksidannya berkontribusi terhadap percepatan proses penyembuhan luka.
Kata Kunci: Daun Sirih Hijau; Fitoterapi; Luka Kulit; Piper betle L;Tinjauan Sistematis.
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