Distribusi derajat hipertensi pada peserta program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (prolanis): analisis karakteristik demografi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/phc.v6i5.3918

Authors

  • Hadi Kurniawan Universitas Muhammadiyah Pringsewu
  • Mario Sandro Universitas Muhammadiyah Pringsewu
  • Arfan Sahroni Universitas Muhammadiyah Pringsewu

Deteksi dini Hipertensi Karakteristik masyarakat Prolanis

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that stands as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, a significant gap persists between the prevalence of hypertension based on blood pressure measurements and diagnoses made by healthcare professionals, indicating that many cases remain undetected. Blood pressure screening conducted through the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis) serves as a crucial initiative for enhancing early detection while providing health education to at-risk population groups.

Purpose: To describe the demographic characteristics of Prolanis participants and the results of blood pressure screenings, serving as a basis for delivering health education regarding hypertension.

Method: This initiative took the form of a community service activity utilizing a descriptive approach aimed at outlining participant demographics and screening results to inform hypertension-related health education. The activity was conducted in May 2025 at Saras Medika Clinic, Pringsewu Regency, Lampung Province. The target audience consisted of all participants in the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis) attending activities at Saras Medika Clinic. Thirty-five participants present during the event served as respondents. Observed parameters included demographic characteristics specifically age, occupation, education level, and place of residence as well as blood pressure measurement results. Demographic data and screening results were analyzed descriptively using frequency distributions and percentages, then presented in tabular form to provide an overview of participant characteristics and the distribution of blood pressure status among Prolanis participants.

Results: The study showed that the mean age of respondents was 55.6 years, with the majority (n=16; 45.7%) aged 60 years or older. Most respondents had a primary school education (n=17; 48.5%) and worked as farmers (n=14; 40.0%); all resided in rural areas (100.0%). Blood pressure measurements indicated that the majority of respondents fell into the stage I hypertension category (n=15; 42.9%).

Conclusion: Blood pressure screening and health education activities conducted through the Chronic Disease Management Program successfully characterized the blood pressure profiles of participants based on their demographics. A significant proportion of participants fell into the hypertension category specifically stage I highlighting a continued need for early detection, regular blood pressure monitoring, and health education. Therefore, the sustained implementation of Chronic Disease Management Program must be strengthened to support hypertension control at the primary healthcare level.

Suggestion: Given that the majority of those with hypertension were aged 45 years or older, had a primary education, and lived in rural areas, Prolanis-based screening and education activities should be conducted routinely and targeted specifically at this demographic to improve hypertension control and prevent complications.

Keywords: Chronic disease management program; Community characteristics; Early detection; Hypertension

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di dunia. Di Indonesia, masih terdapat kesenjangan yang cukup besar antara prevalensi hipertensi berdasarkan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah dan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan, yang menunjukkan bahwa banyak kasus hipertensi belum terdeteksi. Pelaksanaan skrining tekanan darah melalui program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (Prolanis) menjadi salah satu upaya penting untuk meningkatkan deteksi dini sekaligus memberikan edukasi kesehatan kepada kelompok masyarakat berisiko.

Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan karakteristik demografi peserta Prolanis dan hasil skrining tekanan darah sebagai dasar pelaksanaan edukasi kesehatan mengenai hipertensi.

Metode: Kegiatan ini merupakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik demografi peserta serta hasil skrining tekanan darah sebagai dasar pelaksanaan edukasi kesehatan mengenai hipertensi. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2025 di Klinik Saras Medika, Kabupaten Pringsewu, Provinsi Lampung. Sasaran kegiatan adalah seluruh peserta program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (Prolanis) yang mengikuti kegiatan di Klinik Saras Medika. Sebanyak 35 peserta yang hadir pada saat pelaksanaan kegiatan dijadikan sebagai responden. Parameter yang diamati meliputi karakteristik demografi peserta yaitu usia, jenis pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, dan wilayah tempat tinggal, serta hasil pengukuran tekanan darah. Data karakteristik demografi dan hasil skrining tekanan darah dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan persentase, kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk tabel untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai karakteristik peserta dan distribusi status tekanan darah pada peserta Prolanis.

Hasil: Menunjukkan bahwa usia rata-rata responden adalah 55.6 tahun dan mayoritas berada di usia ≥60 tahun yaitu sebanyak 16 responden (45.7%). Sebagian besar tingkat pendidikan responden adalah Sekolah Dasar yaitu sebanyak 17 responden (48.5%), untuk status pekerjaan responden adalah sebagian besar sebagai petani yaitu sebanyak 14 responden (40.0%), untuk wilayah tempat tinggal responden adalah seluruhnya di pedesaan (100.0%), dan sedangkan untuk hasil pemeriksaan tekanan darah menunjukkan sebagian besar responden dalam kategori hipertensi tahap-I yaitu sebanyak 15 responden (42.9%).

Simpulan: Kegiatan skrining tekanan darah dan edukasi kesehatan melalui program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (Prolanis) berhasil menggambarkan profil tekanan darah berdasarkan karakteristik peserta. Sebagian besar peserta termasuk dalam kategori hipertensi, terutama hipertensi tahap-I, yang menunjukkan masih tingginya kebutuhan terhadap deteksi dini, pemantauan tekanan darah secara berkala, dan edukasi kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, pelaksanaan Prolanis secara berkelanjutan perlu terus diperkuat sebagai upaya mendukung pengendalian hipertensi di tingkat pelayanan kesehatan primer.

Saran: Mengingat sebagian besar penderita hipertensi merupakan kelompok usia ≥45 tahun, berpendidikan dasar, dan tinggal di wilayah pedesaan, kegiatan skrining tekanan darah dan edukasi berbasis Prolanis perlu dilakukan secara rutin dan terarah pada kelompok tersebut untuk meningkatkan pengendalian hipertensi dan mencegah komplikasi.

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Published

30.07.2026