Edukasi tentang anemia pada ibu hamil dengan media leaflet dan poster
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/phc.v5i11.2146
Anemia Ibu hamil Edukasi kesehatan Leaflet dan Poster
Abstract
Background: Anemia in pregnant women remains a serious public health problem in Indonesia and contributes to the increased risk of pregnancy complications and maternal and infant mortality. Poor knowledge of anemia among pregnant women is a major contributing factor to this condition. Health education using simple media such as leaflets and posters is considered to have the potential to improve understanding and prevent anemia.
Purpose: To increase knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women about anemia using leaflets and posters as a means of preventing pregnancy complications.
Method: A community service activity was conducted in December 2025 in the Labuhan Badas Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, targeting 26 pregnant women. The intervention consisted of providing health education through direct counseling using leaflets and posters, accompanied by discussion and question-and-answer sessions. Evaluation was conducted using a questionnaire to compare knowledge levels before (pre-test) and after education (post-test), as well as assessing pregnant women's attitudes and behaviors in response to anemia prevention measures.
Results: A significant increase in the level of knowledge of pregnant women after education, with the level of knowledge in the good category increasing from 19.2% to 69.2%. The majority of pregnant women, 20 (76.9%), demonstrated good attitudes and behaviors regarding anemia prevention after the education activity.
Conclusion: Anemia education activities for pregnant women using leaflets and posters have proven effective in increasing knowledge and fostering positive attitudes and behaviors related to anemia prevention. Increased understanding of the causes, effects, and prevention of anemia among pregnant women contributed to increased awareness of taking iron supplements, adopting a balanced nutritional diet, and utilizing antenatal care services regularly.
Suggestion: Similar education needs to be conducted continuously and integrated into antenatal care services.
Keywords: Anemia; Health education; Leaflets and posters; Pregnant women
Pendahuluan: Anemia pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius di Indonesia dan berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya risiko komplikasi kehamilan serta kematian ibu dan bayi. Rendahnya pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai anemia menjadi salah satu faktor utama terjadinya kondisi tersebut. Edukasi kesehatan menggunakan media sederhana seperti leaflet dan poster dinilai berpotensi meningkatkan pemahaman dan perilaku pencegahan anemia.
Tujuan: Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang anemia, sikap, dan perilaku ibu hamil dengan menggunakan media leaflet dan poster sebagai upaya pencegahan komplikasi kehamilan.
Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2025 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Labuhan Badas dengan sasaran 26 ibu hamil. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah berupa memberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui penyuluhan langsung menggunakan media leaflet dan poster, disertai sesi diskusi dan tanya-jawab. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk membandingkan tingkat pengetahuan sebelum (pre-test) dan sesudah edukasi (post-test), serta penilaian sikap dan perilaku ibu hamil dalam merespon tindakan pencegahan anemia.
Hasil: Menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil setelah edukasi, dengan kategori pengetahuan baik meningkat dari 19.2% menjadi 69.2%. Sebagian besar ibu hamil yaitu sebanyak 20 orang (76.9%) menunjukkan sikap dan perilaku dalam kategori baik dalam pencegahan anemia setelah kegiatan edukasi.
Simpulan: Kegiatan edukasi anemia pada ibu hamil menggunakan media leaflet dan poster terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan serta membentuk sikap dan perilaku positif terkait pencegahan anemia. Peningkatan pemahaman ibu hamil mengenai penyebab, dampak, dan cara pencegahan anemia berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya kesadaran untuk mengonsumsi tablet tambah darah, menerapkan pola makan bergizi seimbang, serta memanfaatkan pelayanan antenatal secara rutin.
Saran: Edukasi serupa perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan dan terintegrasi dalam pelayanan antenatal care.
Downloads
References
Astuti, W., & Zamli, Z. (2025). Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil tentang Gizi Seimbang di Wilayah Puskesmas Simpang Raya. Dinamika Sosial : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Dan Transformasi Kesejahteraan, 2(3), 12–21.
Balcha, W. F., Eteffa, T., Tesfu, A. A., Alemayehu, B. A., Chekole, F. A., Ayenew, A. A., Gessesse, N. A., Getu, A. A., Kassahun, E. A., Gezahegn, T. W., Adugna, K. F., & Nega, A. T. (2023). Factors Associated with Anemia among Pregnant Women Attended Antenatal Care: a Health Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Annals of Medicine & Surgery, 85(5), 1712–1721.
Buanasita, A., Sumarmi, S., Mahmudiono, T., Melaniani, S., Salim, L. A., Sokvy, M., & Sari, N. M. (2025). Adherence to iron supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women in Cambodia: Insights from the 2021–2022 Demographic and Health Survey. Narra J, 5(2).
Daru, J. (2022). Sustainable Development Goals for Anaemia: 20 Years Later, where are we Now? The Lancet Global Health, 10(5), e586–e587.
Dewidar, O., John, J., Baqar, A., Madani, M. T., Saad, A., Riddle, A., Ota, E., Kung’u, J. K., & Welch, V. (2023). Effectiveness of Nutrition Counseling for Pregnant Women in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries to Improve Maternal and Infant Behavioral, Nutritional, and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Campbell Systematic Reviews,
Faradhila, A. F., Limbong, M. M., & Novitasari, V. (2025). Hubungan antara Status Gizi dengan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil. ProHealth Journal, 22(1), 27–33.
Hardjito, K. (2023). Optimalisasi Media Leaflet Dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Tentang Asi Ekslusif. HEALTHY: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan, 2(4), 33-40.
Jung, J., Rahman, M., Rahman, S., Swe, K. T., Islam, R., Rahman, O., & Akter, S. (2019). Effects of Hemoglobin Levels during Pregnancy on Adverse Maternal and Infant Outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1450(1), 69–82.
Karim, D., Sulistiyah, S., & Retnaningsih, R. (2025). Relationship Between Pregnant Women’s Knowledge of Iron Tablets and Adherence to Iron Tablet Consumption at Saritani Health Center. Proceeding of The International Conference of Inovation, Science, Technology, Education, Children, and Health, 5(1), 306–310.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2022). Remaja Bebas Anemia: Konsentrasi Belajar Meningkat, Bebas Prestasi. https://ayosehat.kemkes.go.id/remaja-bebas-anemia-konsentrasi-belajar-meningkat-bebas-prestasi
Khezri, R., Rezaei, F., Jahanfar, S., & Ebrahimi, K. (2025). Association between Maternal Anemia during Pregnancy with Low Birth Weight their Infants. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 6446.
Lee, S., Kasibante, S., Eminai, A., Wani, S., Opii, D. J., Levine, L. D., & Kanyike, A. M. (2025). Effectiveness of a community health worker-led education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and antenatal care attendance among pregnant women in Eastern Uganda. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 44, 232.
Litaqia, W., & Mulat, T. C. (2025). The Impact of Anemia on Pregnant Women on Premature Labor and Low Birth Weight. Jurnal Edukasi Ilmiah Kesehatan, 3(1), 32–38.
Lutfia, L., Ramie, A., Mahdalena, M., Mariana, E. R., Rachmadi, A., Marlinda, E., & Isnawati, I. (2025). The Monopoly Game and its Influence on Knowledge, Attitude, and Anemia Prevention Behavior of Pregnant Women. Asian Journal of Healthy and Science, 4(2), 78-88.
Nisar, J., Rathod, R. S., & Aggarwal, S. (2025). Empowering Patients’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices in Low Resource Settings: A Study of Pictorial Tools for Pretest Counseling of Invasive Prenatal Diagnostic Procedures. Prenatal Diagnosis, 45(7), 921–928.
Pock, E. M. L., Lohrmann, C., Hoffmann, M., Schwarz, C. M., & Schoberer, D. (2025). Evaluation of the Usefulness and Understandability of Information Leaflets on Fall Prevention from the Perspective of Hospital Patients and their Relatives. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 42(1), 83–95.
Garrigues, M. P., Whitehead, D., Belio, M. I. P, Canga-Armayor, A., Garrigues, S. P., & Armayor, N. C. (2019). Health Education: A Rogerian Concept Analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies,
Rismawati, S., & Nurvita, N. (2023). Poster untuk Perawatan Masa Nifas di Era New Normal Sebagai Media Edukasi Kepada Ibu Nifas. Jurnal Integrasi Kesehatan & Sains, 5(1), 33–38.
Sahli, M. (2021). Efektifitas Media Promosi Kesehatan dalam Penanganan Stunting (Literatur Review). Jurnal Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(2), 93–100.
Salman, Y., Perdani, R., & Pratiwi, W. (2024). Edukasi dan Layanan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat. Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK), 6(2), 193-
Sembiring, D. R. S., & Yun, D. C. (2025). The Relationship Between Pregnant Women’s Knowledge of Anemia and Adherence to Iron Tablet Consumption at Bener Kelipah Community Health Center, Bener Meriah Regency, 2025. Papua Medicine and Health Science, 2(1), 165-172. Retrieved from: https://jurnal.fk-unipa.com/index.php/PMHS/article/view/53.
Septiyaningsih, R., Kusumawati, D. D., Yunadi, F. D., & Indratmoko, S. (2020). Edukasi dan Deteksi Dini Komplikasi Kehamilan dengan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium. Poltekita: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(2), 43–49.
Siburian, U. D., & Ritonga, P. T. (2024). The effectiveness of health promotion using leaflet media and poster media on the knowledge of mother todders about stunting. Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, 6(1), 752-763.
Uribe, F. A. R., Godinho, R. C. de S., Machado, M. A. S., Oliveira, K. R. da S. G., Espejo, C. A. N., de Sousa, N. C. V., de Sousa, L. L., Barbalho, M. V. M., Piani, P. P. F., & Pedroso, J. da S. (2021). Health Knowledge, Health Behaviors and Attitudes during Pandemic Emergencies: A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 16(9), e0256731.
Wang, R., Xu, S., Hao, X., Jin, X., Pan, D., Xia, H., & Wang, S. (2025). Anemia during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Frontiers in global women's health, 6, 1502585.
Young, M. F., Oaks, B. M., Tandon, S., Martorell, R., Dewey, K. G., & Wendt, A. S. (2019). Maternal hemoglobin concentrations across pregnancy and maternal and child health: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1450(1), 47-68.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 JOURNAL of Public Health Concerns
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
