Analysis of dietary pattern, physical activity and medication adherence on glycemic stability among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/minh.v8i5.744
Dietary Pattern Glycemic Stability Medication Adherence Physical Activity Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a non-communicable disease. The number of diabetes cases and the prevalence of the disease have increased continuously in recent decades. Diet and physical activity are considered to be determining factors and are closely linked to the development of diabetes.
Purpose: To analyze dietary patterns, physical activity, and medication adherence to glycemic stability in a community with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Method: This quantitative study employed analytical observation with a cross-sectional approach. The population comprised all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Montong Betok Community Health Center in December 2023. Sample inclusion criteria included residents aged 40 years and above who were willing to participate and had suffered from type 2 diabetes mellitus for more than 1 year and had been taking medication according to the recommended dosage with random blood sugar levels between 100 and 400 mg/dL. Simple random sampling was used to select 199 respondents. The analysis conducted in this study included univariate analysis, bivariate chi-square with SPPS version 20 for Windows, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression test.
Results: The logistic regression analysis obtained a significance level of <0.05 for the variables of diet, physical activity, and medication adherence. This indicates that diet, physical activity, and medication adherence significantly influence respondents' blood sugar stability. Of the three variables analyzed, medication adherence had the largest Exp (B) coefficient, namely 1.346. This indicates that medication adherence is the variable that most dominantly influences blood sugar stability compared to diet and physical activity.
Conclusion: Eating habits, physical activity, and medication adherence have a significant impact on blood sugar stability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. However, medication adherence variables are an important factor that influences type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Downloads
References
Adesokun, O. O., Ilori, M. O., Afolabi, M. O., Ihekoronye, M. R., & Osemene, K. P. (2024). Application of Mobile Telephony to Improve Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Koozakar Festschrift, 1: 16 – 29.
Amirudin, I. (2023). Physical Activity and Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 7(2).
Asyumdah, A. (2020). Analisis pengaruh pola konsumsi makan, status gizi dan faktor genetik terhadap kejadian diabetes mellitus tipe II di Kabupaten Kulon Progo D.I Yogyakarta. Respository Unnes.
Cangelosi, G., Mancin, S., Pantanetti, P., Sguanci, M., Morales Palomares, S., De Luca, A., & Petrelli, F. (2024). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle behavior and clinical care pathway management in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective Cross-Sectional study. Medicina, 60(10), 1624.
Cena, H., & Calder, P. C. (2020). Defining a healthy diet: evidence for the role of contemporary dietary patterns in health and disease. Nutrients, 12(2), 334.
Chen, Q., Zhao, X., Xu, Z., & Liu, Y. (2024). Endoplasmic reticulum stress mechanisms and exercise intervention in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother. 177(117-122).
Chew, B. H., Hassan, N. H., & Sherina, M. S. (2015). Determinants of medication adherence among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in three Malaysian public health clinics: a cross-sectional study. Patient preference and adherence, 639-648.
Colberg, S. R., Sigal, R. J., Yardley, J. E., Riddell, M. C., Dunstan, D. W., Dempsey, P. C., & Tate, D. F. (2016). Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes care, 39(11), 2065.
Domingues, D. L., Reis, R. S. B., Ferreira, P. R. D., Abreu, R. S. B., Perez, C. M. L., & Neiva, M. (2024). Physical exercise in health promotion among individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord Control.11(1): 22-25.
Fortuna, T. A., Karuniawati, H., Purnamasari, D., & Purlinda, D. E. (2023). Faktor–Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Komplikasi pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus di RSUD Dr. Moewardi. Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 20(1), 27-35.
Gal, A. M., Arhire, L. I., Gherasim, A., Graur, M., Nita, O., Dumitrascu, O., & Mihalache, L. (2024). Association between diet quality and eating behavior in type 2 diabetes adults: A Cross-Sectional study. Nutrients, 16(13), 2047.
Hamasaki, H. (2016). Daily physical activity and type 2 diabetes: A review. World journal of diabetes, 7(12), 243.
Iatcu, C. O., Gal, A. M., & Covasa, M. (2023). Dietary Patterns of Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites, 13(4), 532.
Iseki, S. (1995). IP Image Profiling-2D Inversion of Resistivity and Chargeability. In 57th EAGE Conference and Exhibition (pp. cp-90). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
Izza, E. L. (2019). Kepatuhan Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe-2 Yang Menjalani Terapi Diet Ditinjau Dari Theory of Planned Behaviour (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Airlangga).
Jasmine, N. S., Wahyuningsih, S., & Thadeus, M. S. (2020). Analisis Faktor Tingkat Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas Pancoran Mas Periode Maret–April 2019. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia, 8(1), 61-66.
Kolb, H., & Martin, S. (2017). Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes. BMC medicine, 15(1), 131.
Maheshwari, M., Mirudulaa, M. M., Sriram, A., Sakthivel, P., Saravanan, T., & Rodrigues, P. A. (2024). Comparison of medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pre and post study. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 13(1), 107-111.
Martiskainen, T., Lamidi, M. L., Venojärvi, M., Tikkanen, H., & Laatikainen, T. (2023). Factors affecting the effectiveness of the physical activity counselling intervention implemented in primary health care in adults with type 2 diabetes. BMC endocrine disorders, 23(1), 166.
Mavroeidi, I., Manta, A., Asimakopoulou, A., Syrigos, A., Paschou, S. A., Vlachaki, E., & Peppa, M. (2024). The role of the glycemic index and glycemic load in the dietary approach of gestational diabetes mellitus. Nutrients, 16(3), 399.
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. (2021). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2021. Retrieved from: https://kemkes.go.id/id/profil-kesehatan-indonesia-2021
Mirzababaei, A., Abaj, F., Hajishizari, S., Bahrampour, N., Noori, S., Barekzai, A. M., & Mirzaei, K. (2023). The association of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) with the odds of diabetic nephropathy and metabolic markers in women: a case–control study. BMC Women's Health, 23(1), 63.
Mpila, D. A., Wiyono, W. I., & Lolo, W. A. (2024). Hubungan tingkat kepatuhan minum obat dengan kadar gula darah dan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Imanuel Manado. Medical Scope Journal, 6(1), 116-123.
Petroni, M. L., Brodosi, L., Marchignoli, F., Sasdelli, A. S., Caraceni, P., Marchesini, G., & Ravaioli, F. (2021). Nutrition in patients with type 2 diabetes: present knowledge and remaining challenges. Nutrients, 13(8), 2748.
Qodir, A. (2022). Pengaruh aktivitas fisik dan pola makan terhadap kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Media Husada Journal Of Nursing Science, 3(1), 83-92.
Suratman, N., Armijn, L., & Nur, A. (2023). The level of compliance of type II diabetes mellitus patients in controlling blood sugar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 12(2), 481-487.
Syaukani, A. A., Jariono, G., Susanto, N., & Setyawan, H. (2024). Perception on health and exercise among indonesian older adults: a sequential exploratory study in javanese rural communities. Retos, 59, 156-164.
Wardatu, A., Kurniati, A. M., Rasyid, R. S. P., Husin, S., Liniyanti, D., & Oswari, L. D. (2019). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Makronutrien dengan Kecukupan dan Keseimbangan Asupan Makronutrien Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine, 2(2), 94-98.
Wibowo, M. I. N. A., Fitri, F. M., Yasin, N. M., Kristina, S. A., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2021). Kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di beberapa Puskesmas Kabupaten Banyumas. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia, 98-108.
Zulfhi, H., & Muflihatin, S. K. (2020). Hubungan kepatuhan minum obat dengan terkendalinya kadar gula darah pada pasien dm tipe ii di irna rsud abdul wahab sjahranie samarinda. Borneo Studies and Research, 1(3), 1679-1686.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Wahida, Saimi, Akhmad Fathoni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
