Maternal factors associated with placenta previa at Medan Haji Hospital, North Sumatra
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/minh.v9i6.4247
Age Maternal Factors Parity Placenta Previa Uterine Surgery
Abstract
Background: Maternal mortality resulting from obstetric complications, including hemorrhage due to placenta previa, remains a significant challenge in achieving the SDGs. Various maternal risk factors are believed to influence the occurrence of this placental implantation malposition.
Purpose: To determine the relationship between maternal age, parity, history of cesarean delivery, history of curettage.
Method: This cross-sectional study used secondary medical record data from 39 pregnant women at Medan Haji Hospital, North Sumatra, during 2021–2025. Total sampling was applied. Maternal age, parity, cesarean section history, and curettage history were analyzed for their association with placenta previa using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test at α = 0.05.
Results: Four maternal variables demonstrated a statistically significant association with placenta previa incidence: Maternal Age: p = 0.003, Parity: p = 0.001, Prior Cesarean Section: p = 0.002, Prior Curettage: p = 0.003.
Conclusion: Advanced maternal age, high parity, and a history of uterine procedures (cesarean section or curettage) are major risk factors for placenta previa, likely due to uterine structural changes affecting normal implantation. Healthcare facilities should implement targeted early screening and enhanced prenatal monitoring for patients presenting with these risk factors.
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