Efektifitas mindfullness dalam menurunkan burnout perawat pelaksana: A systematic review
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i2.839
Burnout Syndrome Mindfulness Perawat Pelaksana
Abstract
Background: Nurse burnout can reduce performance and quality of service. Nurses who experience burnout syndrome will lose motivation for work due to prolonged responses to emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion.
Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of mindfulness in reducing burnout in implementing nurses.
Method: Systematic review using protocols and rules in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA), using databases from Scopus, Proquest, Pubmed, SAGE, and Science Direct in 2019-2024, found 220 articles and 8 selected articles.
Results: Mindfulness training reduces fatigue levels, produces lower scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and is higher for personal achievement.
Conclusion: Mindfulness in implementing nurses is an effective effort to choose what nurses will think and maintain the attention needed to maintain awareness of current experiences or in providing nursing care, thereby helping implementing nurses reduce stress due to burnout in the long term.
Suggestions: This review has the potential to be biased due to the lack of studies and high heterogeneity. Practical mindfulness techniques for nurses still need further research and should be guided by professionals to be effective.
Keywords: Burnout Syndrome; Mindfulness; Implementing Nurses.
Pendahuluan: Burnout perawat dapat menurunkan kinerja dan mutu layanan. Perawat yang mengalami sindrom burnout akan kehilangan motivasi terhadap pekerjaan karena respon yang berkepanjangan terhadap kelelahan emosional, fisik, dan mental.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis efektifitas mindfullness dalam menurunkan burnout perawat pelaksana.
Metode: Sistematik review menggunakan protokol dan kaidah yang sesuai dengan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA). Pencarian literatur berasal dari database, Scopus, Proquest, Pubmed, SAGE, dan Sciencedirect tahun 2019-2024, ditemukan 227 artikel dan sebanyak 8 artikel terpilih.
Hasil: Pelatihan mindfulness mengurangi tingkat kelelahan, menghasilkan skor yang lebih rendah untuk kelelahan emosional dan depersonalisasi, serta lebih tinggi untuk pencapaian pribadi.
Simpulan: Mindfulness pada perawat pelaksana merupakan upaya yang efektif untuk memilih apa yang akan perawat pikirkan dan mempertahankan atensi yang dibutuhkan untuk menjaga kesadaran terhadap pengalaman saat ini atau dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan, sehingga membantu perawat pelaksana menurunkan stress akibat burnout dalam jangka waktu yang lama.
Saran: Tinjauan ini berpotensi bias karena minimnya studi dan tingginya heterogenitas. Teknik mindfulness yang praktis bagi perawat masih perlu diteliti lebih lanjut dan sebaiknya dipandu profesional agar efektif.
Kata kunci: Burnout Syndrome; Mindfulness; Perawat Pelaksana.
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