Dampak kehamilan remaja terhadap kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, dan pendidikan: A systematic review
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i2.824
Dampak Kehamilan Remaja Ekonomi Kesehatan Pendidikan Sosial
Abstract
Background: Teenage pregnancy is a significant and complex public health problem with wide-ranging impacts on physical, mental, socioeconomic, and educational health.
Purpose: To explore the impact of teenage pregnancy on the health, social, economic and educational outcomes of teenage girls.
Method: The systematic review study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to analyze and disseminate research results found through literature searches in online databases Pubmed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Sage, and Taylor & Francis with the keywords teenager OR adolescent and adolescent pregnancy OR teen pregnancy and Impact on adolescent pregnancies or maternal outcomes of teenagers pregnancy.
Results: 12 articles containing 63,482 adolescent pregnancies were obtained. The impacts of pregnancy on teenagers identified were mental health disorders, suicide risk, inadequate utilization of Antenatal Care (ANC) services, adverse impacts on mothers, violence, socioeconomics, and education that changed the lives of adolescents.
Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy has broad impacts including physical, psychological, socioeconomic, and education. This is important to know so that it can be the basis for formulating effective policies and programs in preventing teenagers pregnancy.
Suggestion: Judging from the majority of articles used retrospective research, so longitudinal studies with multidimensional variables, more varied regions, especially involving research originating from Indonesia are the author's recommendations to be carried out in further research in order to provide other, more diverse insights.
Keywords: Impact of Teenage Pregnancy; Economy; Health; Education; Social.
Pendahuluan: Kehamilan pada remaja merupakan isu kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan dan kompleks dengan dampak yang luas terhadap kesehatan fisik, mental, sosial-ekonomi, dan pendidikan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengeksplorasi dampak kehamilan remaja terhadap kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, dan pendidikan pada remaja putri.
Metode: Penelitian systematic review menggunakan panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi hasil penelitian yang ditemukan melalui pencarian literatur pada database Pubmed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Sage, dan Taylor & Francis online dengan kata kunci teenager OR adolescent and adolescent pregnancy OR teen pregnancy and Impact on adolescent pregnancies or maternal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy.
Hasil: Diperoleh 12 artikel yang menyertakan 63.482 kehamilan remaja. Dampak kehamilan pada remaja yang teridentifikasi yakni gangguan kesehatan mental, risiko bunuh diri, pemanfaatan pelayanan Antenatal Care (ANC) yang belum memadai, hasil buruk pada maternal, kekerasan, sosial ekonomi, dan pendidikan yang mengubah kehidupan remaja.
Simpulan: Kehamilan remaja menimbulkan dampak yang luas meliputi fisik, psikologis, sosial ekonomi dan pendidikan. Hal ini penting untuk diketahui agar menjadi dasar dalam merumuskan kebijakan dan program yang efektif dalam mencegah kehamilan pada remaja.
Saran: Menilik dari kebanyakan artikel yang digunakan menerapkan penelitian retrospektif, sehingga studi longitudinal dengan variabel multidimensi, wilayah yang lebih bervariasi, terutama melibatkan penelitian yang berasal dari Indonesia menjadi rekomendasi penulis untuk dilakukan pada penelitian selanjutnya agar dapat memberikan wawasan lain yang lebih beragam.
Kata Kunci: Dampak Kehamilan Remaja; Ekonomi; Kesehatan; Pendidikan; Sosial.
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