Analisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan mental pada petugas kesehatan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i1.732
Kesehatan Mental Petugas Kesehatan Rumah Sakit
Abstract
Background: Mental health is an important public health problem in Indonesia due to its high prevalence and the economic and social impacts it causes. The magnitude of suffering and burden in the form of disability and costs that must be borne by families and communities is truly astonishing. In recent years, the world has become increasingly aware of this enormous burden and potential for mental health, so that special attention is needed to address mental health problems.
Purpose: To analyze factors related to mental health problems in health workers in hospitals.
Method: This analytical descriptive study used a cross-sectional design to analyze factors related to mental health problems in health workers at the class IV IM 06.01 Lhokseumawe Regional General Hospital for the period 24-30 June 2024. The study sample was collected using a simple random sampling technique of 170 respondents, excluding officers who were pregnant and on a diet. The independent variables in this study include: Body Mass Index (BMI), age, gender, education, marital status, social support, and hypertension, while the dependent variable is mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress). Data collection was carried out directly through observation and interviews with respondents using a questionnaire instrument.
Results: The variables of age, social support, BMI, hypertension, physical activity, diet, length of service, and job satisfaction have a correlation with the occurrence of mental health problems with a p value <0.05, while the variables of gender, marital status, and profession do not predominantly influence mental health problems (p value > 0.05). The majority of respondents have normal mental health as much as 70.6%, do not experience depression as much as 68.8%, do not experience anxiety as much as 68.82%, and are not stressed as much as 67.1%.
Conclusion: The variables of age, social support, BMI, hypertension, physical activity, diet, length of service, and job satisfaction have a correlation with the occurrence of mental health problems. In contrast, the variables of gender, marital status, and profession do not predominantly influence mental health problems.
Suggestion: Health services can organize training and education programs on the importance of a healthy lifestyle, including balanced nutrition and the benefits of physical activity.
Keywords: Health Workers; Hospitals; Mental Health.
Pendahuluan: Kesehatan mental merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di Indonesia karena prevalensinya yang tinggi serta dampak ekonomi dan sosial yang ditimbulkan. Besarnya penderitaan dan beban dalam hal kecacatan dan biaya yang harus ditanggung, baik keluarga maupun masyarakat sangat mengejutkan. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, dunia menjadi semakin sadar akan beban dan potensi yang sangat besar ini untuk kesehatan mental, sehingga perlu adanya perhatian khusus terhadap permasalahan kesehatan mental.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan mental pada petugas kesehatan di rumah sakit.
Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan mental pada petugas kesehatan di Rumah Sakit TK IV IM 06.01 Lhokseumawe pada tanggal 24-30 Juni 2024. Sampel penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling sebanyak 170 responden, dikecualikan untuk petugas yang sedang hamil dan menjalani diet. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini meliputi: Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status perkawinan, dukungan sosial, dan hipertensi, sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu masalah kesehatan mental (depresi, kecemasan, dan stress). Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara langsung melalui observasi dan wawancara kepada responden menggunakan instrumen kuesioner.
Hasil: Variabel usia, dukungan sosial, IMT, hipertensi, aktivitas fisik, pola makan, lamanya bekerja, dan kepuasan kerja memiliki korelasi terhadap terjadinya masalah kesehatan mental dengan p-value <0.05, sedangkan variabel jenis kelamin, status pernikahan, dan profesi kerja tidak secara dominan memengaruhi masalah kesehatan mental (p-value >0.05). Mayoritas responden memiliki kesehatan mental yang normal sebanyak 70.6%, tidak mengalami depresi sebanyak 68.8%, tidak mengalami kecemasan sebanyak 68.82%, dan tidak stres sebesar 67.1%.
Simpulan: Variabel usia, dukungan sosial, IMT, hipertensi, aktivitas fisik, pola makan, lamanya bekerja, dan kepuasan kerja memiliki korelasi terhadap terjadinya masalah kesehatan mental. Disisi lain, variabel jenis kelamin, status pernikahan, dan profesi kerja tidak secara dominan memengaruhi masalah kesehatan mental.
Saran: Layanan kesehatan dapat menyelenggarakan program pelatihan dan edukasi mengenai pentingnya gaya hidup sehat, termasuk nutrisi seimbang dan manfaat aktivitas fisik.
Kata Kunci: Kesehatan Mental; Petugas Kesehatan; Rumah Sakit.
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