Model prediksi keselamatan berkendara pengguna sepeda motor dengan konsep health belief model
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v18i10.576
Health Belief Model Keselamatan Berkendara Sepeda Motor Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least (SEM-PLS)
Abstract
Background: Traffic accidents are a global health issue and the leading cause of death in Banten Province. Motorcycle accidents result in fatalities in South Tangerang City and have a significant economic and social impact.
Purpose: To find effective strategies to improve road safety and reduce motorcycle accident fatalities.
Method: Quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design and a sample size of 258 respondents. Data collection by filling out questionnaires and data processing using SmartPLS. The dependent variable of this study is safe driving behavior, while the independent variable is the characteristic factor.
Results: Based on a sample size of 258 respondents, 54.7% were female and 45.3% were male with an average age of 21.02 years. As many as 45.7% had poor driving behavior, while 79.1% had good driving safety knowledge. The results of the outer model evaluation showed that several indicators of driving behavior and driving knowledge were removed because they did not meet the validity criteria. After remodeling, all indicators were declared valid and reliable with outer loading values> 0.4, AVE> 0.5, and adequate CR, and there were no collinearity problems in the formative variables.
Conclusion: Knowledge, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy have significant relationships with safe driving behavior. In addition, less safe driving behavior is more often done by male respondents, single drivers, and those with lower education levels.
Suggestion: Comprehensive interventions need to be developed, such as creating driving training programs that emphasize improving driving skills and compliance with traffic regulations, risk awareness campaigns through various media that focus on the impact of accidents, and the importance of safe driving behavior.
Keywords: Driving Safety; Health Belief Model; Motorcycles; Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least (SEM-PLS).
Pendahuluan: Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan masalah kesehatan global dan penyebab utama kematian di Provinsi Banten. Kecelakaan yang melibatkan sepeda motor menyebabkan kematian di Kota Tangerang Selatan dan memiliki dampak sangat besar secara ekonomi dan sosial.
Tujuan: Untuk menemukan strategi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan keselamatan berkendara dan menurunkan angka kematian akibat kecelakaan sepeda motor.
Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional dan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 258 responden. Pengumpulan data dengan mengisi kuesioner dan pengolahan data menggunakan SmartPLS. Variabel dependen penelitian ini adalah perilaku berkendara aman, sedangkan variabel independen adalah faktor karakteristik.
Hasil: Berdasarkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 258 responden, 54.7% adalah perempuan dan 45.3% laki-laki dengan rata-rata usia 21.02 tahun. Sebanyak 45.7% memiliki perilaku berkendara kurang baik, sementara 79.1%
memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang keselamatan berkendara. Evaluasi outer model menunjukkan beberapa indikator perilaku berkendara dan pengetahuan dikeluarkan karena tidak memenuhi kriteria validitas. Setelah remodelling, seluruh indikator dinilai valid dan reliabel dengan nilai outer loading >0.4, AVE >0.5, dan CR memadai, serta tidak ada masalah kolinearitas pada variabel formatif.
Simpulan: Pengetahuan, persepsi manfaat, dan self-efficacy memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan perilaku berkendara aman. Selain itu, perilaku berkendara yang kurang aman lebih sering dilakukan oleh responden laki-laki, pengemudi tunggal, dan mereka dengan tingkat pendidikan yang lebih rendah.
Saran: Perlu dikembangkan intervensi yang komprehensif, seperti membuat program pelatihan berkendara yang menekankan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berkendara dan kepatuhan akan aturan lalu lintas, kampanye kesadaran risiko melalui berbagai media yang fokus pada dampak kecelakaan, dan pentingnya berperilaku berkendara aman.
Kata Kunci: Health Belief Model; Keselamatan Berkendara; Sepeda Motor; Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least (SEM-PLS).
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