Intervensi slow deep breathing dan dzikir terhadap tekanan darah pasien hipertensi: A scoping review
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i7.3912
Blood Pressure Dhikr Hypertension Slow Deep Breathing
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure, and accounts for 45% of cardiovascular disease-related deaths. The World Health Organization projects that hypertension will be the leading cause of death by 2030. It is defined as a condition characterized by systolic blood pressure of ≥ 130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 80 mmHg. Management of hypertension involves both pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies; pharmacological treatment utilizes antihypertensive medications, while non-pharmacological approaches focus on lifestyle modifications, such as slow deep breathing and dhikr.
Purpose: To examine scientific evidence regarding slow deep breathing and dhikr interventions for blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Method : Article searches were conducted using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, and Scopus databases. Subsequently, the review and synthesis processes were carried out using PRISMA. A total of 421 articles were initially identified, and 17 articles were included in the study.
Results: Based on the review, 17 articles indicated that interventions involving slow deep breathing or dhikr generally contribute to a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure among patients with hypertension. Slow deep breathing interventions were typically performed for 10–15 minutes, whereas dhikr sessions lasted 10 minutes and combined relaxation, concentration, and the repetition of dhikr. The review also revealed variations in intervention duration and frequency across the studies.
Conclusion: Slow deep breathing, dhikr, and a combination of both are non-pharmacological interventions with the potential to help control blood pressure in hypertensive patients. These interventions are easy to learn, safe, low-cost, and can be performed independently, making them suitable for integration into nursing care.
Keywords: Blood Pressure; Dhikr; Hypertension; Slow Deep Breathing.
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