Faktor risiko lingkungan fisik rumah terhadap kejadian TB paru
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i7.3657
Household Humidity Household Lighting Physical Home Environment
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. The physical conditions of the home environment, particularly humidity and lighting, play an important role in creating an environment that may affect the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The working area of Banjarejo Public Health Center, Madiun City, is one of the areas with a persistently high incidence of pulmonary TB, highlighting the need to investigate the role of physical housing environmental factors as risk factors for pulmonary TB.
Purpose: To analyze the association between household humidity and lighting as risk factors for the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Method: This study employed an analytical observational design with a case-control approach. The sample consisted of 46 respondents, comprising 23 cases and 23 controls, selected using a purposive sampling technique with a hospital-based approach. Household humidity and lighting data were obtained through direct measurements using a thermohygrometer and a lux meter. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate (Chi-square) statistical analyses.
Results: The findings indicated that household humidity that did not meet the recommended standards (p = 0.001; OR = 8.229; 95% CI: 2.175-31.123) and inadequate household lighting (p = 0.003; OR = 6.476; 95% CI: 1.789-23.444) were significantly associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB. Respondents living in houses with high humidity and insufficient lighting according to health standards were more frequently found in the pulmonary TB group than in the control group.
Conclusion: Household humidity and lighting are physical environmental risk factors associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of Banjarejo Public Health Center, Madiun City. Improving the quality of the home environment through humidity control and optimization of natural lighting should be considered as part of pulmonary TB transmission prevention strategies.
Sugesstion: Health centers are advised to enhance environmental health education regarding the importance of maintaining standard home humidity and lighting to prevent pulmonary TB transmission.
Keywords: Household Humidity; Household Lighting; Physical Home Environment; Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
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