Eksplorasi kebutuhan pengguna terhadap aplikasi home care berbasis komunitas dengan integrasi pemantauan kesehatan real-time bagi klien rentan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i6.3547
Community-based services Home Care Nursing Informatics Real-time monitoring Vulnerabel clients User needs Qualitative inquiry
Abstract
Background: The growing demand for home care services among at-risk groups, such as the elderly, persons with chronic conditions, and those with disabilities, requires innovative digital solutions that provide ongoing monitoring and community involvement. Nonetheless, several home care applications are created without thorough investigation of the actual needs of users within the community, especially in developing nations such as Indonesia.
Purpose: To explore user needs in the development of a community-based home care application integrated with a real-time health monitoring system for vulnerable clients.
Method: This descriptive qualitative inquiry design guided by the COREQ. Sampling was conducted purposively until data saturation was achieved. Twenty-one participants were recruited: community nurses (n=6), family caregivers (n=7), vulnerable clients (n=5), and health workers (n=3). Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews and 45-90-minute focus group discussions (FGDs). Data were then analyzed using the thematic analysis approach of Braun and Clarke.
Results: The Analysis yielded four major themes: (1) the need for access to home care services, (2) the need for adaptive application design, (3) the need for real-time health monitoring, and (4) the need for digital collaboration integration among home care actors. Each theme generated specific and measurable recommendations for application design features.
Conclusion: Applications for community-based home care must be developed with a user-centered design that incorporates real-time monitoring, collaborative communication, and digital health education inside an accessible and straightforward interface. These findings offer a vital empirical basis for digital health system architects and policymakers in Indonesia.
Suggestion: Future research should focus on developing and testing application prototypes using broader usability testing methods to evaluate the effectiveness of inclusive interfaces among the elderly population with varying levels of digital literacy.
Keywords: Community-Based Services; Home Care; Nursing Informatics; Real-Time Monitoring; Vulnerable Clients; User Needs; Qualitative Inquiry.
Downloads
References
Abdallah, Z. A., Khamis, E. A. R., Ibrahim, F. M., & Farag, A. A. W. (2024). Telenursing future in solving the nursing global workforce gap. In Nursing-Trends and Developments. IntechOpen.
Alvianty, R. A., Arvian, S. R., & Wasir, R. (2025). Literature review: Analisis transformasi digital layanan kesehatan di Indonesia terhadap peran sektor publik dan swasta. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan, 28(2), 56-60.
Anand, I. S., Tang, W. W., Greenberg, B. H., Chakravarthy, N., Libbus, I., Katra, R. P., & Music Investigators. (2012). Design and performance of a multisensor heart failure monitoring algorithm: results from the multisensor monitoring in congestive heart failure (MUSIC) study. Journal of cardiac failure, 18(4), 289-295.
Andrès, E., Talha, S., Hajjam, M., & El Hassani, A. H. (2019). Telemedicine for Chronic Heart Failure: An Update. In Topics in Heart Failure Management. IntechOpen.
Anggoro, T. P., & Wahyuni, A. N. (2021). Penerapan telemedicine untuk pasien program rujuk balik penderita penyakit kronis di masa pandemi covid-19. Hasanuddin Journal of Public Health, 2(1), 21-31.
Arsyad, D. S., Hamsyah, E. F., Qalby, N., Qanitha, A., Westerink, J., Cramer, M. J., & Ansariadi, A. (2022). The readiness of public primary health care for cardiovascular services in Makasar city, Indonesia. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1112.
Boro, M. F. V., & Hariyati, R. T. S. (2019). The use of telenursing through the nursing care. Jendela Nursing Journal (JNJ), 3(2), 114-121.
Ch, A. S., Pervaiz, F., Nawaz, H., Rafiq, S., Bibi, Y., Almagharbeh, W. T., & Mobeen, M. (2025). Health equity in telemedicine: Addressing dis-parities in digital healthcare access-a narrative review-s. Insights J Life Soc Sci, 3(2), 56-62.
Chamidah, N., Hariadi, S. S., Selvi, A. M., & Siddiq, D. M. (2021). Strategi Komunikasi Dan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi Dalam Pengembangan Ketahanan Desa Wisata Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Cirebon. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 27(1), 90-111.
Collada, A. M., Silvestre, A., & Narvaez, R. A. (2023). Telenursing: A Concept Analysis. Online Journal of Nursing Informatics, 26(3), 15.
Dang, A. K., Vu, B. N., Lam, T. P., Ho, T. K. T., Nguyen, A. K. T., Le, H. T., & Thai, P. K. (2024). Progress toward universal health coverage in Vietnam: Evidence on dispensing trends of diabetes medications from 2015 to 2021. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 212, 111691.
Dasat, M., Khasanah, U., Mulyono, S., & Marita, Z. (2022). Metode telenursing keluarga untuk meningkatkan perawatan paliatif pasien kanker stadium lanjut di masa pandemi COVID-19. Journal of Telenursing, 4(1), 106-116.
El-Rashidy, N., El-Sappagh, S., Islam, S. R., M. El-Bakry, H., & Abdelrazek, S. (2021). Mobile health in remote patient monitoring for chronic diseases: Principles, trends, and challenges. Diagnostics, 11(4), 607.
Faisal, M., TB, D. R. Y., Kulla, P. D. K., & Mutiawati, M. (2023). Sistem Informasi Pemantauan Kesehatan Lansia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Menggunakan Rapid Application Development. Journal of Informatics and Computer Science, 9(1), 34-44.
Fthya, N. A., Effendy, C., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2021). Implementation of Interprofesional Collaboration Practices in Type B Teaching General Hospitals: A Mixed Methods Study. Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia, 10(2), 162–176.
Gabriel, C. L., Pires, I. M., Coelho, P. J., Zdravevski, E., Lameski, P., Mewada, H., & Carreto, C. (2023). Mobile and wearable technologies for the analysis of Ten Meter Walk Test: A concise systematic review. Heliyon, 9(6).
Hu, L., Glavin, Y. F. W., Yan, R., Pei, C., Yan, M., Zhang, Y. O., & Liu, Y. (2021). Integrating health and care in China: lessons learned and future outlook. International journal of integrated care, 21(S2), 18-18.
Jamil, F., Ahmad, S., Iqbal, N., & Kim, D. H. (2020). Towards a remote monitoring of patient vital signs based on IoT-based blockchain integrity management platforms in smart hospitals. Sensors, 20(8), 2195.
Jeong, J. W., Lee, W., & Kim, Y. J. (2021). A real-time wearable physiological monitoring system for home-based healthcare applications. Sensors, 22(1), 104.
Kausar, L. I. E. (2019). Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Berbasis Internet Terhadap Perkembangan Home Care Di Indonesia. Dinamika Kesehatan: Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan, 10(1), 212-223.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2022). Pasien Gagal Jantung, Bagaimana Mengelolanya?. Diakses dari: https://keslan.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/3483/pasien-gagal-jantung-bagaimana-mengelolanya
Khoe, L. C., Wangge, G., Soewondo, P., Tahapary, D. L., & Widyahening, I. S. (2020). The implementation of community-based diabetes and hypertension management care program in Indonesia. PloS one, 15(1), e0227806.
Khotimah, K., & Nilasari, P. (2021). Pemanfaatan Telehealth dalam Peningkatan Derajat Kesehatan Anak dengan Asma. REAL in Nursing Journal, 4(3), 175-184.
Knollmann-Ritschel, B. E., Huppmann, A. R., Borowitz, M. J., & Conran, R. (2023). Pathology competencies in medical education and educational cases: update 2023. Academic Pathology, 10(3), 100086.
Maarende, C. A., Sebastian, D., & Restyandito, R. (2021). Perancangan antarmuka berdasarkan evaluasi usabilitas penggunaan aplikasi KlikDokter untuk pralansia dan lansia. Jurnal Teknik Informatika dan Sistem Informasi, 7(3), 682-694.
Mait, T. O., Rosyidah, R., & Sulistyawati, S. (2025). Evaluasi Kesiapan Promkes dalam Impelementasi Program Integrasi Layanan Primer (ILP) di Puskesmas. Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif, 5(1), 133-140.
Martini, S., Artanti, K. D., Hargono, A., Widati, S., Ahsan, A., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2022). Association between percentage of smokers and prevalence of smoking attributable morbidity in Indonesia: one decade after implementation of smoke-free area regulation. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 2202.
Mendrofa, F. A. M., & Suhud, H. (2025). Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Lanjut Usia di Masyarakat. Journal Informatics, Technology and Education, 1(1), 17-20.
Mizana, H., Octavia, J., Simanjuntak, M. V., Wijonarko, P. T., & Triani, R. (2023). A Study of Factors that Influence Intention to Use Telemedicine Applications in the Era of Post Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 4(10), 1642-1659.
Nugraheni, W. P., Retnaningsih, E., Mubasyiroh, R., & Rachmawati, T. (2023). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease financing in Indonesia (JKN claims data analysis 2019–2020). Frontiers in public health, 11, 1148394.
Ouanes, K., & Farhah, N. (2024). Effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical decision support systems and care delivery. Journal of medical systems, 48(1), 74.
Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. (2024). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia 2024. Diakses dari: https://pbperkeni.or.id/catalog-buku/pedoman-pengelolaan-dan-pencegahan-diabetes-mellitus-tipe-2-dewasa-di-indonesia
Prastyo, C. E., & Gani, A. (2025). Medical cost inflation and its drivers in Indonesian employer-sponsored health insurance for retiree families. Narra J, 5(2), e2528.
Prawestiningtyas, E., Hamada, M., Aulia, N., Puspitasari, D., Yusuf, V., & Amar, N. (2023). Potensi Implementasi Telemedicine (Telekonsultasi, Telemonitoring, dan Telenutrisi) pada Penyakit Kronis Pasca Pandemi COVID-19 sebagai Upaya Resiliensi Bangsa Indonesia. Jurnal Klinik Dan Riset Kesehatan, 2(3), 365-373.
Qanitha, A., Qalby, N., Amir, M., Uiterwaal, C. S., Henriques, J. P., De Mol, B. A., & Mappangara, I. (2022). Clinical cardiology in South East Asia: Indonesian lessons from the present towards improvement. Global Heart, 17(1), 66-66.
Rohmah, A. A., Rachmawati, R., & Mei, E. T. W. (2023). Smart city achievement through implementation of digital health services in handling COVID-19 Indonesia. Smart Cities, 6(1), 639-651.
Royani, M. A., & Sukarno, A. (2021). Penerapan Telenursing Dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Keperawatan Home Care: Kajian Literatur. Indonesian Journal of Nursing Health Science, ISSN (Print), 2502, 6127.
Sabrina, L. Y., & Rahayu, S. R. (2023). Determinan Pemanfaatan Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis). Higeia Journal Of Public Health Research And Development, 7(4), 610-624.
Santoso, A., Citraningtyas, T., Viora, E., Gotera, W., Fujiati, I. I., Lukito, W., & Billy, A. (2025). Towards integrated cardiovascular and mental health management in primary health care in Indonesia: a policy outlook. The Lancet Regional Health-Southeast Asia, 37.
Sari, N. L. P. D. Y., & Prastikanala, I. K. (2021). Use of mobile-app for older people with chronic diseases to cope with the covid-19 pandemic: a literature review. Jurnal Mitra Kesehatan, 4(IAHSC), 67-75.
Setiawati, E., Lipoeto, N. I., Syafrita, Y., & Bachtiar, A. (2022). Development of the Erdanela model for stroke prevention in the elderly: Effectiveness Test. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(5), 2556-2562.
Snow, M., Silva-Ribeiro, W., Baginsky, M., Di Giorgio, S., Farrelly, N., Larkins, C., & Malley, J. (2025). Best practices for implementing electronic care records in adult social care: rapid scoping review. JMIR aging, 8, e60107.
Sujarwoto, S., Augia, T., Dahlan, H., Sahputri, R. A. M., Holipah, H., & Maharani, A. (2022). COVID-19 mobile health apps: an overview of mobile applications in Indonesia. Frontiers in public health, 10, 879695.
Sumini, Sukamdi, Pangaribowo, E. H., Keban, Y. T., & Darwin, M. (2020). Elderly care: A study on community care services in Sleman, DIY, Indonesia. Journal of Aging Research, 2020(1), 3983290.
Sutanto, E. B., Christyana, T. L. P. I., Mandagie, A. K., Tjitradinata, C., & Simanjuntak, H. E. (2023). Erosi Ketimpangan Kesehatan Digital. Praxis: Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Masyarakat dan Jejaring, 5(2), 175-187.
Teferra, A. A., Wing, J. J., Lu, B., Xu, W., Roberts, M. E., & Ferketich, A. K. (2023). Examining trends in health care access measures among low-income adult smokers in Ohio: 2012–2019. Preventive Medicine Reports, 31, 102106.
Tyler, N., Daker-White, G., Grundy, A., Quinlivan, L., Armitage, C., Campbell, S., & Panagioti, M. (2021). Effects of the first COVID-19 lockdown on quality and safety in mental healthcare transitions in England. BJPsych Open, 7(5), e156.
Wantonoro, W., Faedati, N., Salmiati, S., Apriliyani, K. P., Zain, I. C. P., & Putri, R. A. (2023). Mengoptimalkan peran kader kesehatan dalam layanan berbasis homecare untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Bagimu Negeri: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 7(2), 215-220.
World Health Organization. (2025). Ageing and health. Diakses dari: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
Xu, H., & Long, H. (2020). The effect of smartphone app–based interventions for patients with hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(10), e21759.
Yang, F., Wang, Y., Yang, C., Hu, H., & Xiong, Z. (2018). Mobile health applications in self-management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of their efficacy. BMC pulmonary medicine, 18(1), 147.
Zacharelou, A., Munjas Samarin, R., Mikulcic, K., Brcina, A., Friganovic, A., Jones, C., & Van Mol, M. M. (2025). Value‐Based Experiences Related to Digital Follow‐Up Services Among Critical Care Survivors: An International Qualitative Study. Nursing & Health Sciences, 27(2), e70135.
Zawacki-Richter, O., & Jung, I. (2023). Handbook of open, distance and digital education. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.
Zhao, Y., Rokhani, F. Z., Shariff Ghazali, S., & Chew, B. H. (2021). Defining the concepts of a smart nursing home and its potential technology utilities that integrate medical services and are acceptable to stakeholders: a scoping review protocol. BMJ open, 11(2), e041452.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
