Pengaruh pemberian sekretom terhadap indeks apoptosis sel otot soleus pada tikus model sarkopenia dengan induksi d-galaktosa
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i6.3328
Apoptosis Reduction Sarcopenia Secretome Sprague Dawley Rats
Abstract
Background: Natural aging is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction that can trigger cellular apoptosis. The increase in cellular apoptosis accompanying natural aging leads to a decline in muscle mass and strength after the age of 30.
Purpose: To determine the effect of secretome administration on sarcopenia in a D-galactose-induced sarcopenia rat model.
Method: This study was an in vivo experiment with a cross-sectional design, conducted at the Animal Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, between August 2022 and December 2023. The study utilized a sample of 34 rats. Data were obtained by examining Hematoxylin-Eosin-stained soleus muscle fiber preparations using an Olympus CX-3 biological microscope at 40x magnification across five fields of view. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 27.0. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc analyses were performed to assess the effect of the secretome on the sarcopenia animal model.
Results: The study demonstrated a reduction in the apoptosis index in the group treated with the secretome. This result was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Secretome administration contributes to a reduction in the apoptosis index in Sprague Dawley rat muscle cells. This significant reduction indicates that the secretome holds potential as a therapy for sarcopenia.
Suggestion: Further research is recommended, incorporating a larger number of observation fields so that the calculated apoptosis index more representatively reflects the tissue condition. Additionally, future studies should employ stereological methods for calculating the apoptosis index, allowing for more accurate observation of each layer of the specimen when counting apoptotic nuclei.
Keywords: Apoptosis; Reduction; Sarcopenia; Secretome; Sprague Dawley Rats.
Downloads
References
Ahmed, N. E. M. B., Murakami, M., Hirose, Y., & Nakashima, M. (2016). Therapeutic potential of dental pulp stem cell secretome for Alzheimer’s disease treatment: an in vitro study. Stem cells international, 2016(1), 8102478.
Bian, A., Ma, Y., Zhou, X., Guo, Y., Wang, W., Zhang, Y., & Wang, X. (2020). Association between sarcopenia and levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the elderly. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 21(1), 214.
Billot, M., Calvani, R., Urtamo, A., Sánchez-Sánchez, J. L., Ciccolari-Micaldi, C., Chang, M., & Freiberger, E. (2020). Preserving mobility in older adults with physical frailty and sarcopenia: opportunities, challenges, and recommendations for physical activity interventions. Clinical interventions in aging, 1675-1690.
Bilodeau, P. A., Coyne, E. S., & Wing, S. S. (2016). The ubiquitin proteasome system in atrophying skeletal muscle: roles and regulation. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 311(3), C392-C403.
Fuggle, N., Shaw, S., Dennison, E., & Cooper, C. (2017). Sarcopenia. Best practice & research clinical rheumatology, 31(2), 218-242.
Gustafsson, T., & Ulfhake, B. (2024). Aging skeletal muscles: what are the mechanisms of age-related loss of strength and muscle mass, and can we impede its development and progression?. International journal of molecular sciences, 25(20), 10932.
Jiao, Z., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, T., Zhang, Q., Liu, X., & Wang, H. (2021). Protective effect of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome against hepatocyte apoptosis induced by liver ischemia‐reperfusion with partial hepatectomy injury. Stem cells international, 2021(1), 9969372.
Li, N., Chen, Y., Wang, Q., Liu, X., Han, C., Qu, C., & Wang, Y. (2025). Microenvironment-driven satellite cell regeneration and repair in aging-related sarcopenia: mechanisms and therapeutic frontiers. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 16(1), 545.
Liang, Z., Zhang, T., Liu, H., Li, Z., Peng, L., Wang, C., & Wang, T. (2022). Inflammaging: The ground for sarcopenia?. Experimental Gerontology, 168, 111931.
Lo, J. H. T., Yiu, T., Ong, M. T. Y., & Lee, W. Y. W. (2020). Sarcopenia: Current treatments and new regenerative therapeutic approaches. Journal of orthopaedic translation, 23, 38-52.
Maacha, S., Sidahmed, H., Jacob, S., Gentilcore, G., Calzone, R., Grivel, J. C., & Cugno, C. (2020). Paracrine mechanisms of mesenchymal stromal cells in angiogenesis. Stem cells international, 2020(1), 4356359.
Marcos-Pardo, P. J., González-Gálvez, N., López-Vivancos, A., Espeso-García, A., Martínez-Aranda, L. M., Gea-García, G. M., & Vaquero-Cristóbal, R. (2020). Sarcopenia, diet, physical activity and obesity in European middle-aged and older adults: the lifeage study. Nutrients, 13(1), 8.
Park, S. R., Kim, J. W., Jun, H. S., Roh, J. Y., Lee, H. Y., & Hong, I. S. (2018). Stem cell secretome and its effect on cellular mechanisms relevant to wound healing. Molecular Therapy, 26(2), 606-617.
Rodrigues, F., Domingos, C., Monteiro, D., & Morouço, P. (2022). A review on aging, sarcopenia, falls, and resistance training in community-dwelling older adults. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(2), 874.
Sartori, R., Romanello, V., & Sandri, M. (2021). Mechanisms of muscle atrophy and hypertrophy: implications in health and disease. Nature communications, 12(1), 330.
Schiaffino, S., Dyar, K. A., Ciciliot, S., Blaauw, B., & Sandri, M. (2013). Mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle growth and atrophy. The FEBS journal, 280(17), 4294-4314.
Suh, J., & Lee, Y. S. (2020). Myostatin inhibitors: panacea or predicament for musculoskeletal disorders?. Journal of bone metabolism, 27(3), 151.
Xia, J., Minamino, S., Kuwabara, K., & Arai, S. (2019). Stem cell secretome as a new booster for regenerative medicine. Bioscience Trends, 13(4), 299-307.
Xie, W. Q., He, M., Yu, D. J., Wu, Y. X., Wang, X. H., Lv, S., & Li, Y. S. (2021). Mouse models of sarcopenia: classification and evaluation. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 12(3), 538-554.
Xu, X., Xing, Q., Liu, R., Dong, L., Yu, Z., Wang, Y., & Wei, Z. (2022). Therapeutic effects and repair mechanism of hgf gene‐transfected mesenchymal stem cells on injured endometrium. Stem Cells International, 2022(1), 5744538.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
