Efek pemberian aromaterapi lemon terhadap kejadian early post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) herniated nucleus pulposus dengan general anestesi
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i3.3203
Aromaterapi Lemon Early Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting (PONV) General Anestesi Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP)
Abstract
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a complication that can occur within 0–2 hours after surgery (early PONV). The incidence of PONV is influenced by patient factors, such as age, gender, smoking status, and history of motion sickness. A non-pharmacological approach using lemon aromatherapy is a promising complementary intervention alternative.
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of lemon aromatherapy on the incidence of early postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients with nucleus pulposus herniation under general anesthesia.
Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The study population was patients undergoing nucleus pulposus herniation surgery under general anesthesia at Mayapada Hospital, Kuningan, South Jakarta, in the Recovery Room (PACU). This study was conducted in November 2024. A sample of 34 participants (17 participants in the intervention group and 17 participants in the control group) was selected using purposive sampling. Statistical analysis of the data used univariate, bivariate (paired sample t-test), and multivariate (multiple linear regression) tests.
Results: The intervention group showed a significant reduction in PONV scores (p = 0.038; t = 2.729 > t table 2.119). The post-test comparison between the two groups yielded highly significant results (p = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that gender (p = 0.011) and history of motion sickness (p = 0.017) were the most influential confounding variables (R² = 0.307).
Conclusion: Lemon aromatherapy was proven effective in reducing the incidence of PONV in patients with HNP under general anesthesia. Gender and history of motion sickness were significant predictors. Lemon aromatherapy is recommended as a complementary non-pharmacological intervention in postoperative care.
Suggestion: Further research is recommended to compare the effectiveness of lemon aromatherapy with other intervention methods in larger and more diverse samples.
Keywords: Early Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV); General Anesthesia; Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP); Lemon Aromatherapy.
Pendahuluan: Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) merupakan komplikasi yang dapat terjadi dalam 0–2 jam pasca operasi (early PONV). Insidensi PONV dipengaruhi faktor pasien, seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status merokok, dan riwayat mabuk perjalanan. Pendekatan non-farmakologis melalui aromaterapi lemon menjadi alternatif intervensi komplementer yang menjanjikan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi efek pemberian aromaterapi lemon terhadap kejadian early post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) herniated nucleus pulposus dengan general anestesi.
Metode: Desain penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pasien yang menjalani operasi HNP dengan general anestesi di RS Mayapada Hospital Kuningan Jakarta Selatan, di Ruang Pemulihan (PACU) dan dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2024. Jumlah sampel 34 partisipan (kelompok intervensi 17 partisipan dan kelompok kontrol 17 partisipan) dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Analisis statistik data menggunakan uji univariat, bivariat (paired sample t-test), dan multivariat (regresi linear berganda).
Hasil: Kelompok intervensi menunjukkan penurunan skor PONV yang signifikan (p = 0.038; t = 2.729 > t tabel 2.119). Perbandingan post-test antara kedua kelompok memberikan hasil sangat signifikan (p = 0,000). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin (p = 0.011) dan riwayat motion sickness (p = 0.017) merupakan variabel confounding yang paling berpengaruh (R² = 0.307).
Simpulan: Pemberian aromaterapi lemon terbukti efektif menurunkan kejadian PONV pada pasien HNP dengan general anestesi. Faktor jenis kelamin dan riwayat motion sickness menjadi prediktor signifikan.
Saran: Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk membandingkan efektivitas aromaterapi lemon dengan metode intervensi lainnya pada sampel yang lebih besar dan beragam.
Kata Kunci: Aromaterapi Lemon; Early Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting (PONV); General Anestesi; Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP).
Downloads
References
Ariani, A., Mulyani, Y., & Rosifa, R. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Aromaterapi Lemon terhadap Penurunan Dismenore pada Remaja Putri. Jurnal Kebidanan Harapan Ibu Pekalongan, 10(2), 126-133.
Arif, T., Marsaid, M., Sulastyawati, S., & Vashti, L. E. (2024). Pengaruh aromaterapi lemon diffuser terhadap post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) pada pasien post anestesi general di RSUD Ngudi Waluyo. Jurnal Keperawatan, 22(1), 21-31.
Buckle, J. (2021). Clinical aromatherapy: Essential oils in healthcare (4th ed.). Elsevier.
Chatterjee, S., Rudra, A., & Sengupta, S. (2011). Current concepts in the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesiology research and practice, 2011, 748031.
Estiningsih, Z. A., Yudono, D. T., Novitasari, D., & Yantoro, A. T. (2026). Kejadian Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting pada Pasien Paca Operasi dengan Anestesi Spinal dan General. MANUJU: Malahayati Nursing Journal, 8(2), 177-194.
Gan, T. J., Belani, K. G., Bergese, S., Chung, F., Diemunsch, P., Habib, A. S., & Philip, B. K. (2020). Fourth consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 131(2), 411-448.
Hellickson, J. D., Worden, W. R., Ryan, C., Miers, A. G., Benike, D. A., Frank, S. P., & Rhudy, L. M. (2016). Predictors of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Neurosurgical Patients. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 8(6), 352-357.
Hikmah, U., & Triastuti, A. (2022). Mechanism and immunomodulator bioactive compounds of Phyllanthus niruri. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 18(2), 205-218.
Karnina, R., & Salmah, M. (2022). Hubungan usia, jenis kelamin, lama operasi dan status ASA dengan kejadian PONV pada pasien pasca operasi laparatomi. Health and Medical Journal, 4(1), 16-22.
Khafifaturrahmi, K., Setyowati, A., & Muhaji, M. (2025). Pengaruh Pemberian Aromaterapi Lemon Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Mual Muntah Pasca Operasi Dengan Anestesi Spinal di RSUD R.A.A. Tjokronegoro Purworejo. Jurnal Fisioterapi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Sisthana, 7(2), 47–55.
Kusumaningsih, M. R., Sakinah, H., & Rahmawati, A. (2024). Pemberian Aromaterapi Lemon dan Lavender terhadap Nyeri Dismenore pada Remaja: Literature Review. Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 7(3), 540-549.
Price, S., & Price, L. (2019). Aromatherapy for health professionals (5th ed.). Churchill Livingstone.
Rambod, M., Pasyar, N., Karimian, Z., & Farbood, A. (2023). The effect of lemon inhalation aromatherapy on pain, nausea, as well as vomiting and neurovascular assessment in patients for lower extremity fracture surgery: a randomized trial. BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 23(1), 208.
Rihiantoro, T., Oktavia, C., & Udani, G. (2018). Pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi peppermint inhalasi terhadap mual muntah pada pasien post operasi dengan anestesi umum. Jurnal Keperawatan, 14(1), 1-10.
Sangi, S., Zavareh, A. S. M., Sahraei, H., Sepandi, M., & Moradi, A. (2026). Effect of Lemon Inhalation Aromatherapy on Postoperative Pain, Nausea and Vomiting, Delirium, and Inflammatory Markers After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Triple-Blind Randomized Trial. Iran J Pharm Res, 25(1), e168770.
Sembiring, D. R. S. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Aroma Terapi Lemon (Citrus Limon Per) terhadap Penurunan Emesis Gravidarum (Mual dan Muntah) pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Pertama di Puskesmas Ciputat Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2023. Jurnal Ventilator, 1(2), 267–275.
Smith, H. S., Smith, E. J., & Smith, B. R. (2012). Postoperative nausea and vomiting. Annals of palliative medicine, 1(2), 94–102.
Tisserand, R., & Young, R. (2014). Essential oil safety: A guide for health care professionals (2nd ed.). Churchill Livingstone.
Wahyuningsih, M., Rahayu, R. P., & Liliana, A. (2022). The Influence of Mozart's Classical Music Therapy and Giving Lemon (Cytrus Limon) Aromatherapy in Reducing Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women. Health Care: Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(2), 324-334.
World Health Organization. (2023). Low back pain. Diakses dari: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/low-back-pain
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
