Pengaruh aquarobic exercise terhadap kebugaran kardiovaskular pada wanita: Sebuah tinjauan literatur sistematis
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i4.3004
Aquarobic Exercise Cardiovascular Fitness Women
Abstract
Background: Lack of physical activity is a major risk factor that leads to a decline in cardiovascular fitness and also increases the incidence of diseases caused by the decline in cardiovascular fitness. In adulthood to old age, women tend to experience a decline in cardiorespiratory capacity due to aging, hormonal changes, and also a lack of structured physical exercise. Aquarobic exercise has become one form of aerobic training using water as a medium, thereby utilizing the buoyancy and resistance properties of water, which can stimulate the cardiovascular system and provide a lighter load on the joints. This serves as the foundation for this research.
Purpose: To analyze the effect of Aquarobic Exercise on the improvement of cardiovascular fitness in women.
Method: The design used in this study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. In the literature search, the Publish or Perish 8 application was used with the keywords "aquarobic" and "cardiovascular." The databases used include Google Scholar, Scopus, OpenAlex, PubMed, and Semantic Scholar with a publication range from 2021 to 2026. The article selection process used Rayyan AI. The initial search yielded 456 results, with 66 articles eliminated during the duplication stage and 366 articles eliminated during the title and abstract screening, leaving 28 articles that were reviewed using the PICO framework.
Results: The final result yielded 6 articles for further review. The six articles show that aquarobic exercise generally has a positive impact on improving women's cardiovascular fitness, as assessed using parameters such as reduced blood pressure, improved heart rate, increased lung capacity, and positive changes in lipid profile and body composition after participating in an aquarobic training program lasting 8 weeks to 6 months. However, one study involving 30 women in Poznań did not find a significant improvement in spirometry parameters or cardiorespiratory fitness. Overall, aquarobic exercise has the potential to be an effective and safe workout for improving cardiovascular fitness in women.
Conclusion: Aquarobic exercise can improve cardiovascular fitness in women by lowering blood pressure and improving lipid profiles, but some studies have shown that this exercise does not yield significant results for certain cardiorespiratory fitness measures.
Keywords: Aquarobic Exercise; Cardiovascular Fitness; Women.
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