Deteksi dini risiko diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada personel Batalyon Infanteri 6/Marinir berdasarkan finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) sebagai bagian dari kesehatan pertahanan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v20i1.2099
Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) Kesehatan Pertahanan Personel Militer Risiko Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant challenge in the military environments as it can impair physical performance, reduce operational endurance, and increase the risk of long-term complications. Early detection of T2DM risk factors is essential to ensure optimal soldier health and support the sustainability of the defense health system.
Purpose: To determine the T2DM risk profile and analyze the relationship between individual characteristics, based on the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC),among personnel of the 6th Infantry Battalion/Marine.
Method: This quantitative research utilized a descriptive-analytical approach with a cross-sectional design involving 40 active-duty respondents. Data were collected through the FINDRISC questionnaire and anthropometric measurements, then analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test.
Results: The majority of respondents had a low risk of T2DM (75%), while 25% were at moderate risk, and no respondents were found at high risk. The variables of body mass index (p-value = 0.049), waist circumference (p-value = 0.002), and family history of T2DM (p-value = 0.001) had a significant relationship with the level of T2DM risk. Conversely, factors such as age, physical activity, fruit or vegetable consumption, history of antihypertensive medication use, and history of hyperglycemia did not show a significant relationship (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Obesity and genetic predisposition play a significant role in increasing the risk of T2DM in military operational environments, so screening-based prevention and education are essential to maintain the physical readiness and performance of soldiers.
Keywords: Defense Health; Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC); Military Personnel; Type 2 Diabetes Millitus Risk.
Pendahuluan: Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) menjadi tantangan signifikan dalam lingkungan militer karena dapat mengganggu performa fisik, menurunkan ketahanan operasional, serta meningkatkan risiko komplikasi jangka panjang. Upaya deteksi dini faktor risiko DMT2 sangat diperlukan untuk memastikan kesehatan prajurit yang optimal dan mendukung keberlangsungan sistem kesehatan pertahanan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui profil risiko DMT2 dan menganalisis hubungan karakteristik individu berdasarkan Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) pada personel Batalyon Infanteri 6/Marinir.
Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional terhadap 40 responden aktif. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner FINDRISC dan pengukuran antropometri, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Fisher’s Exact Test.
Hasil: Mayoritas responden memiliki risiko rendah terhadap DMT2 (75%), sedangkan 25% berada pada risiko sedang dan tidak ditemukan responden dengan resiko tinggi. Variabel indeks massa tubuh (p-value=0.049), lingkar perut (p-value=0.002), dan riwayat DMT2 pada keluarga (p-value=0.001) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat risiko DMT2. Sebaliknya, faktor usia, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi buah atau sayur, riwayat penggunaan obat antihipertensi, serta riwayat hiperglikemia tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p>0.05).
Simpulan: Obesitas dan predisposisi genetik berperan penting dalam peningkatan risiko DMT2 di lingkungan operasional militer, sehingga diperlukan pencegahan berbasis skrining dan edukasi sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga kesiapan fisik dan kinerja prajurit.
Kata Kunci: Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC); Kesehatan Pertahanan; Personel Militer; Risiko Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2.
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