Intervensi untuk mengatasi rasa haus pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis: A scoping review
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i12.1920
Hemodialisis Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis Rasa Haus
Abstract
Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience thirst when restricting their fluid intake. To improve patient survival, interventions to manage thirst in hemodialysis patients are needed, with the hope of reducing fluid intake in HD patients. Thirst remains an unresolved issue in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
Purpose: To map and synthesize the current evidence on interventions to manage thirst in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Method: A scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA-ScR framework. Articles were identified through PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar using keywords related to "Interventions to manage thirst in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis." Eligible studies were interventional, observational, published in English, and focused on interventions to manage thirst in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed thematically using a descriptive and exploratory approach.
Results: Based on the literature reviewed, various interventions, such as sucking on unsweetened ice cubes, mint-flavored popsicles, lemon-flavored popsicles, chewing gum, squirting cold boiled water into the mouth, visual fluid restriction education, and brochures, have been consistently and continuously shown to reduce thirst in CKD patients.
Conclusion: Interventions such as sucking on ice cubes, mint-flavored popsicles, lemon-flavored popsicles, chewing gum, squirting cold boiled water into the mouth, visual fluid restriction education, and brochures have been consistently and continuously shown to reduce thirst in CKD patients.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease Patients; Hemodialysis; Thirst.
Pendahuluan: Pasien dengan Penyakit Ginjal Kronis (PGK) sering mengalami rasa haus sementara itu mereka harus membatasi asupan cairan. Untuk meningkatkan keberlangsungan hidup pasien diperlukan intervensi penatalaksanaan rasa haus pada pasien hemodialisis dengan harapan asupan cairan pada pasien HD dapat dikurangi. Rasa haus masih menjadi masalah yang belum terpecahkan pada pasien hemodalisis (HD).
Tujuan: Untuk memetakan dan mensintesis bukti terkini tentang intervensi mengatasi rasa haus pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis.
Metode: Scooping review dilakukan dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja PRISMA-ScR. Artikel diidentifikasi melalui PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOhost, dan Google scholar menggunakan kata kunci terkait Intervensi mengatasi rasa haus pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis. Studi yang memenuhi syarat bersifat intervensi, observasional, dipublikasikan dalam bahasa Inggris, dan berfokus pada intervensi mengatasi rasa haus pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisis sebanyak 21 studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara tematis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif eksploratif.
Hasil: Berdasarkan litereratur yang telah di review, setelah dilakukan berbagai macam intervensi, seperti megulum es batu tawar, es loli rasa mint, es loli rasa lemon, mengunyah permen karet, semprotan air sprai ke mulut dengan air dingin matang, edukasi pembatasan cairan dengan media visual, dan aflet yang dilakukan secara berkala dan berkelanjutan terbukti dapat mengurangi rasa haus pada pasien PGK.
Simpulan: Intervensi mengulum es batu, es loli rasa mint, es loli rasa lemon, mengunyah permen karet, semprotan air spray ke mulut dengan air dingin matang, edukasi pembatasan cairan dengan media visual dan leaflet yang dilakukan secara berkala dan berkelanjutan terbukti dapat mengurangi rasa haus pada pasien PGK.
Kata Kunci: Hemodialisis; Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis; Rasa Haus.
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