Efek komparatif intermittent fasting dan continuous calorie restriction pada berat badan dan hasil metabolisme pada orang dewasa yang kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i11.1861
Intermittent Fasting Kesehatan Metabolisme Obesitas Pembatasan Kalori Terus Menerus Penurunan Berat Badan
Abstract
Background: Obesity remains a major global health burden and is closely linked to insulin resistance and other metabolic disturbances. Continuous calorie restriction (CCR) has long been a standard dietary approach but is often limited by poor adherence. Intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as an alternative that may provide similar or improved metabolic benefits.
Purpose: To compare the comparative effects of intermittent fasting and continuous calorie restriction on body weight and metabolic outcomes in overweight and obese adults.
Method: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect identified RCTs published from January 2016 to October 2025. Eligible studies compared IF and CCR in adults with overweight or obesity. Methodological quality was assessed using the CEBM CA Tool for RCTs. Studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized qualitatively.
Results: Both IF and CCR effectively reduced body weight and improved glycemic indicators. Some trials showed slightly greater improvements in insulin sensitivity with IF; however, overall metabolic outcomes were similar between the two interventions.
Conclusion: Intermittent fasting offers a practical and safe alternative to continuous calorie restriction for improving metabolic health in overweight or obese adults. Larger long-term trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Keywords: Continuous Calorie Restriction; Intermittent Fasting; Metabolic Health; Obesity; Weight Loss.
Pendahuluan: Obesitas tetap menjadi beban kesehatan global utama dan terkait erat dengan resistensi insulin dan gangguan metabolisme lainnya. Continuous calorie restriction (CCR) telah lama menjadi pendekatan diet standar tetapi seringkali dibatasi oleh kepatuhan yang buruk. Intermittent fasting (IF) telah muncul sebagai alternatif yang dapat memberikan manfaat metabolisme yang serupa atau lebih baik.
Tujuan: Untuk membandingkan efek komparatif intermittent fasting dan continuous calorie restriction pada berat badan dan hasil metabolisme pada orang dewasa yang kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas.
Metode: Penelitian sistematis terhadap PubMed, Cochrane Library, dan ScienceDirect mengidentifikasi RCT yang diterbitkan dari Januari 2016 hingga Oktober 2025. Studi yang memenuhi syarat membandingkan IF dan CCR pada orang dewasa dengan kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas. Kualitas metodologis dinilai menggunakan CEBM CA Tool untuk RCT. Studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan disintesis secara kualitatif.
Hasil: Baik IF dan CCR secara efektif mengurangi berat badan dan meningkatkan indikator glikemik. Beberapa percobaan menunjukkan, peningkatan sensitivitas insulin yang sedikit lebih besar dengan IF. Namun, hasil metabolisme keseluruhan serupa antara kedua intervensi.
Simpulan: Intermittent fasting menawarkan alternatif praktis dan aman untuk pembatasan kalori terus menerus untuk meningkatkan kesehatan metabolisme pada orang dewasa yang kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas. Uji coba jangka panjang yang lebih besar diperlukan untuk mengkonfirmasi temuan ini.
Kata Kunci: Intermittent Fasting; Kesehatan Metabolisme; Obesitas; Pembatasan Kalori Terus Menerus; Penurunan Berat Badan.
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