Dukungan sumber informasi dan sosiodemografi untuk pengetahuan HIV remaja berdasarkan analisis data survei demografi dan kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i11.1851
Faktor Sosiodemografis HIV Pengetahuan Remaja Sumber Informasi
Abstract
Background: Adolescents are a vulnerable group to HIV transmission, as demonstrated by the increasing number of HIV cases among the 15-24 age group. One contributing factor to this situation is adolescents' low level of knowledge about HIV. Information sources and sociodemographic characteristics are known to play a significant role in shaping adolescents' knowledge about HIV.
Purpose: To analyze differences in information sources and sociodemographic factors that contribute to HIV knowledge among Indonesian adolescents.
Method: This study used a quantitative observational design with a cross-sectional approach, using data from the 2012 and 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Public Health Surveys (PJS). The study population consisted of 8,943 adolescents in the 2012 PJS and 11,781 adolescents in the 2017 PJS. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression.
Results: In 2012 and 2017, adolescents with fewer than four sources of information tended to have low HIV knowledge. Furthermore, sociodemographic factors showed a similar pattern: adolescents with low levels of education, those living in rural areas, and those from low-income families were at higher risk of having poor HIV knowledge.
Conclusion: No significant differences were found between information sources and sociodemographic factors associated with HIV knowledge. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening strategies for more equitable and sustainable HIV information dissemination to adolescents.
Keywords: Adolescent Knowledge; HIV; Information Sources; Sociodemographic Factors.
Pendahuluan: Remaja merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap penularan HIV, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh meningkatnya jumlah kasus HIV pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun. Salah satu faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kondisi ini adalah rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan remaja mengenai HIV. Sumber informasi serta karakteristik sosiodemografis diketahui berperan penting dalam membentuk pengetahuan remaja tentang HIV.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis perbedaan sumber informasi dan dukungan faktor sosiodemografis terhadap pengetahuan HIV pada remaja Indonesia.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional menggunakan data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012 dan 2017. Populasi penelitian terdiri atas 8,943 remaja pada SDKI 2012 dan 11,781 remaja pada SDKI 2017. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan Mann–Whitney, serta analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik berganda.
Hasil: Pada tahun 2012 dan 2017, remaja yang memiliki kurang dari empat sumber informasi cenderung memiliki pengetahuan HIV yang rendah. Selain itu, faktor sosiodemografis menunjukkan pola yang serupa, remaja dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah, tinggal di wilayah pedesaan, dan berasal dari keluarga berpendapatan rendah lebih berisiko memiliki pengetahuan HIV yang buruk.
Simpulan: Tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan terkait sumber informasi dan dukungan faktor sosiodemografis terhadap pengetahuan HIV. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan strategi penyebaran informasi HIV yang lebih merata dan berkelanjutan bagi remaja.
Kata Kunci: Faktor Sosiodemografis; HIV; Pengetahuan Remaja; Sumber Informasi.
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