Analisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecenderungan depresi pada anak remaja
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i9.1822
Depresi Dukungan Teman Sebaya Remaja
Abstract
Background: Depression has become a growing trend and a critical issue among adolescents in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence found in Generation Z. Adolescents experiencing depression often show decreased productivity, which can negatively impact society, the nation, and the country, and may even lead to suicide. Depressed adolescents have a five-times higher risk of suicidal ideation compared to those without depression.
Purpose: To identify the factors associated with the tendency toward depression among adolescents..
Method: This analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from July to August 2025. The sample was selected using multistage cluster random sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 152 adolescents participated. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, as well as multivariate testing to determine the factors influencing the tendency toward depression among adolescents.
Results: The findings showed significant relationships between the tendency toward depression and the number of siblings (p = 0.003), parental marital status (p = 0.006), causes of sadness (p = 0.009), parenting style (p = 0.009), and body image (p = 0.008). The most influential factor affecting the tendency toward depression was peer social support (p = 0.000). A collaborative effort is recommended through school-based interventions involving both schools and parents to address or prevent depression among adolescents.
Conclusion: The number of siblings, number of family members, causes of sadness, parenting style, and body image are significantly associated with the tendency toward depression in adolescents. The strongest influencing factor is peer social support (p = 0.000).
Keyword: Adolescence; Depression; Peer Support.
Pendahuluan: Depresi saat ini menjadi trend dan issue pada remaja di Indonesia. Penderita depresi tertinggi terjadi pada gen Z. Anak remaja dengan depresi produktivitasnya menurun yang berakibat buruk bagi masyarakat, bangsa dan negara bahkan beresiko melakukan bunuh diri. Anak dengan depresi memiliki keinginan bunuh diri 5 kali lebih besar dibandingkan anak tanpa depresi.
Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecenderungan depresi pada anak remaja.
Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional ini dilakukan pada Juli-Agustus 2025. Pemilihan sample menggunakan multistage cluster random sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 152 anak. Analisis data menggunakan univariat, bivariat serta uji multivariat untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan depresi pada anak remaja.
Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kecenderungan depresi dengan jumlah saudara (p = 0.003), status pernikahan orang tua (p = 0.006), penyebab rasa sedih (p = 0,009), pola asuh orang tua (p = 0.009), dan citra tubuh (p = 0.008). Faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kecenderungan depresi adalah dukungan teman sebaya (p = 0.000). Rekomendasi diperlukan upaya kolaboratif untuk melakukan school intervention dengan melibatkan sekolah dan orangtua dalam mengatasi atau mencegah terjadinya depresi remaja di sekolah.
Simpulan: Jumlah saudara, jumlah anggota keluarga, penyebab rasa sedih, pola asuh orang tua, dan citra tubuh berhubungan signifikan dengan kecenderungan depresi pada remaja. Faktor yang paling kuat memengaruhi depresi adalah dukungan sosial teman sebaya (p = 0.000).
Kata Kunci: Depresi; Dukungan Teman Sebaya; Remaja.
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