Pengetahuan dan sikap sebagai penentu kepatuhan perempuan dalam melakukan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i10.1764
Kepatuhan Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (Sadari) Pengetahuan Perempuan Sikap
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women, yet it can be prevented through early detection such as breast self-examination (BSE). The low adherence of women of reproductive age in performing BSE indicates the need for targeted health education
Purpose: To knowing knowledge and attitudes as determinants of women's compliance in carrying out breast self-examination.
Method: A quantitative quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test post-test approach involving 67 women of reproductive age in Gonilan Village. The intervention was delivered through face-to-face counseling. The Wilcoxon test was used to assess the effect of the intervention, while the Chi-Square and Fisher Exact tests were used to examine variable relationships.
Results: There was a significant increase in knowledge, attitude, and adherence scores after the intervention (p = 0.003). A significant association was also found between knowledge and adherence (p = 0.028) as well as between attitude and adherence (p = 0.043).
Conclusion: Breast self-examination education is effective in improving early breast cancer detection behavior.
Keywords: Attitude; Breast Self-Examination; Compliance; Knowledge; Women.
Pendahuluan: Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi pada wanita, namun dapat dicegah melalui deteksi dini seperti pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (Sadari). Rendahnya kepatuhan wanita usia subur dalam melakukan Sadari menunjukkan pentingnya edukasi kesehatan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan sikap sebagai penentu kepatuhan perempuan dalam melakukan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri.
Metode: Kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-experiment tipe one group pre-test post-test pada 67 wanita usia subur di Desa Gonilan. Intervensi diberikan melalui penyuluhan tatap muka. Uji Wilcoxon digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh intervensi, sedangkan uji Chi-Square dan Fisher digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antar variabel.
Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan skor pengetahuan, sikap, dan kepatuhan setelah edukasi dengan perbedaan signifikan (p = 0.003). Terdapat pula hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan (p = 0.028) serta antara sikap dengan kepatuhan (p = 0.043).
Simpulan: Edukasi Sadari efektif meningkatkan perilaku deteksi dini kanker payudara.
Kata Kunci: Kepatuhan; Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (Sadari); Pengetahuan; Perempuan; Sikap.
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