Continuity of care pasien dengan penyakit kronis: Sebuah kajian pustaka
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i8.1695
Continuity of Care Penyakit Kronis Pasien
Abstract
Background: Continuity of Care (CoC) plays a vital role in managing chronic illnesses by ensuring consistent monitoring, coordinated services, and a strong therapeutic relationship between patients and healthcare providers. Evidence suggests that CoC enhances treatment adherence, reduces hospital readmissions, and improves long-term health outcomes. However, understanding of this concept particularly among adolescents with chronic conditions, which remains limited.
Purpose: To identify the key attributes, antecedents, and consequences of CoC in the context of nursing care for patients with chronic illnesses, with particular attention to adolescents.
Method: Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis was employed through a literature review of studies published between 2019 and 2024, guided by the PRISMA protocol, and sourced from Scopus, PubMed, and Sage databases.
Results: The main attributes of CoC include informational continuity, relational continuity, management continuity, access to healthcare services, referral systems, discharge planning, cross-service and multidisciplinary collaboration, and patient and family empowerment. Antecedents comprise both enabling and inhibiting factors. The positive consequences of effective CoC are improved quality of life, reduced hospitalization frequency, and increased readiness for independent self-care among adolescents.
Conclusion: CoC is crucial to achieving successful long-term care outcomes.
Suggestion: The concept of CoC should be integrated into nursing education and training programs, along with the development of care models that focus on adolescents living with chronic conditions.
Keywords: Continuity of Care; Chronic Illness; Patients.
Pendahuluan: Continuity of care (CoC) atau keberlanjutan perawatan memiliki peran penting dalam menangani penyakit kronis dengan memastikan pemantauan yang konsisten, layanan yang terkoordinasi, serta hubungan terapeutik yang kuat antara pasien dan tenaga kesehatan. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa CoC dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan, mengurangi angka rawat inap ulang, dan memperbaiki hasil kesehatan jangka panjang. Namun, pemahaman tentang konsep ini terutama pada remaja dengan kondisi kronis dan masih terbatas.
Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi atribut utama, faktor pendahulu, dan konsekuensi dari CoC dalam konteks keperawatan bagi pasien dengan penyakit kronis dengan fokus khusus pada kelompok remaja.
Metode: Analisis konsep evolusioner Rodgers digunakan melalui telaah pustaka terhadap artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2019 hingga 2024, mengikuti protokol PRISMA, dengan sumber dari basis data Scopus, PubMed, dan Sage.
Hasil: Atribut utama CoC mencakup kontinuitas informasi, kontinuitas hubungan, kontinuitas manajemen, akses terhadap layanan kesehatan, sistem rujukan, perencanaan pemulangan pasien, koordinasi lintas layanan dan multidisipliner, serta pemberdayaan pasien dan keluarga. Faktor pendahulu mencakup unsur yang mendukung maupun yang menghambat. Konsekuensi positif dari CoC yang efektif antara lain peningkatan kualitas hidup, penurunan frekuensi rawat inap, serta kesiapan remaja untuk mandiri dalam perawatan diri.
Simpulan: CoC sangat penting dalam mencapai keberhasilan perawatan jangka panjang.
Saran: Konsep CoC perlu diintegrasikan ke dalam pendidikan dan pelatihan keperawatan, disertai pengembangan model perawatan yang berfokus pada remaja dengan penyakit kronis.
Kata Kunci: Continuity of Care; Penyakit Kronis; Pasien.
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