Efektivitas latihan ankle pump terhadap pencegahan neuropati perifer pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i9.1565
Ankle Pump Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Neuropati Perifer
Abstract
Background: Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and carries a risk of diabetic ulcers and amputation. One non-pharmacological intervention that can be used is ankle pump exercises to improve peripheral circulation.
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of ankle pump exercises in preventing peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Method: This study used an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice (EBNP) approach with a pre-post quasi-experimental design. A total of 15 participants were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. The ankle pump intervention was carried out for 4 weeks, twice daily, for 10 minutes each time. Data were analyzed using univariate tests and paired t-tests.
Results: The prevalence of neuropathy decreased from 67% to 40% after the intervention. The paired t-test showed a p-value of 0.024 (p<0.05), indicating a significant difference before and after the intervention.
Conclusion: Ankle pumps are effective in improving peripheral circulation and reducing neuropathy symptoms.
Suggestion: This intervention is expected to be integrated into preventive nursing practice and patient education.
Keywords: Ankle Pump; Peripheral Neuropathy; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Pendahuluan: Neuropati perifer merupakan salah satu komplikasi kronis yang paling sering terjadi pada pasien diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe 2 dan berisiko menyebabkan ulkus diabetikum hingga amputasi. Salah satu intervensi nonfarmakologis yang dapat digunakan adalah latihan ankle pump untuk meningkatkan sirkulasi perifer.
Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas latihan ankle pump terhadap pencegahan neuropati perifer pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Evidence-Based Nursing Practice (EBNP) dengan desain quasi-experiment pre-post. Sebanyak 15 partisipan dipilih dengan purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi. Intervensi ankle pump dilakukan selama 4 minggu, dua kali sehari, masing-masing 10 menit. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji univariat dan paired t-test.
Hasil: Prevalensi neuropati menurun dari 67% menjadi 40% setelah intervensi. Uji paired t-test menunjukkan nilai p=0.024 (p<0.05), menandakan adanya perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.
Simpulan: Ankle pump efektif dalam meningkatkan sirkulasi perifer dan mengurangi gejala neuropati.
Saran: Diharapkan intervensi ini diintegrasikan dalam praktik keperawatan preventif dan edukasi pasien.
Kata Kunci: Ankle Pump; Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2; Neuropati Perifer.
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