Perbandingan quality of life pada ibu pasca persalinan normal dan sectio caesarea
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v19i8.1442
Ibu Pasca Persalinan Persalinan Normal Quality of Life Sectio Caesarea
Abstract
Background: Postpartum maternal quality of life is an important aspect encompassing physical, psychological, social, and environmental conditions. However, factors influencing this quality of life vary in research findings.
Purpose: To analyze factors associated with postpartum maternal quality of life.
Method: The study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test.
Results: Most mothers had a good quality of life. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between age, occupation, education, economic status, husband's support, social support, number of children, pregnancy spacing, maternal health, breastfeeding, information, and type of delivery with postpartum maternal quality of life (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the condition of the infant was significantly associated with maternal quality of life (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Postpartum maternal quality of life is more influenced by the condition of the infant than by other demographic or social factors. Health service interventions need to focus on comprehensive support for mothers with at-risk infants to improve postpartum quality of life.
Keywords: Normal Delivery; Postpartum Mother; Quality of Life; Sectio Caesarea.
Pendahuluan: Kualitas hidup ibu pasca persalinan merupakan aspek penting yang mencakup kondisi fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan lingkungan. Namun, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup tersebut masih bervariasi dalam temuan penelitian.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup ibu pasca persalinan.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari ibu pasca persalinan yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner kualitas hidup WHOQOL-BREF dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square.
Hasil: Sebagian besar ibu memiliki kualitas hidup dalam kategori baik. Analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara usia, pekerjaan, pendidikan, ekonomi, dukungan suami, dukungan sosial, jumlah anak, jarak kehamilan, kesehatan ibu, pemberian ASI, informasi, serta jenis persalinan dengan kualitas hidup ibu pasca persalinan (p>0,05). Sementara itu, kondisi bayi terbukti berhubungan signifikan dengan kualitas hidup ibu (p=0,000).
Simpulan: Kualitas hidup ibu pasca persalinan lebih dipengaruhi oleh kondisi bayi dibandingkan faktor demografi maupun sosial lainnya. Intervensi pelayanan kesehatan perlu difokuskan pada dukungan menyeluruh bagi ibu dengan bayi berisiko untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasca persalinan.
Kata Kunci: Ibu Pasca Persalinan; Persalinan Normal; Quality of Life; Sectio Caesarea.
Downloads
References
Aadillah, V. Y., & Nurbaeti, I. (2023). Postpartum Depression and Its Contributing Factors among Mothers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in North Jakarta, Indonesia. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 13(1).
Adewuyi, E. O., Akosile, W., Olutuase, V., Philip, A. A., Olaleru, R., Adewuyi, M. I., & Khanal, V. (2024). Caesarean section and associated factors in Nigeria: assessing inequalities between rural and urban areas—insights from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2018. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 24(1), 538.
Ahmed, B., Alsayegh, B., Ahmed, F., & Aljufari, Z. (2024). Postpartum quality of life in primiparous women after normal vaginal delivery versus caesarean section. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 14(7), 1027-1045.
Al Rehaili, B. O., Al-Raddadi, R., ALEnezi, N. K., & ALYami, A. H. (2023). Postpartum quality of life and associated factors: a cross-sectional study. Quality of Life Research, 32(7), 2099-2106.
Aldairy, A., Ataya, J., Haymoun, D., Kashlan, R. S., Kouran, J., Amouna, N., & Alhalabi, M. (2025). Motherhood unveiled: examining the dynamic relationship between sleep quality and breastfeeding confidence in postpartum primiparous women in Syria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 25(1), 1521.
Alsufyani, F., Katooa, N., Al-Zahrani, A., Felemban, O., Badr, H., & Thabet, H. (2024). The impact of educational sessions on anxiety levels among women undergoing caesarean section: a quasi-experimental study. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 14(2), 324-338.
Amana, I. G., Tefera, E. G., Chaka, E. E., & Bulto, G. A. (2024). Health-related quality of life of postpartum women and associated factors in Dendi district, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Women's Health, 24(1), 79.
Ariasih, R. A., & Budiharsana, M. (2022). Prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with peripartum depression in Indonesia: national basic health research data 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 13(2), 141-149.
Asisah, A. B., & Rahayuningsih, F. B. (2023). An Overview of The Quality of Life of Puerperal Mothers: A Comparative Study of Normal. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Health and Well-Being (ICHWB 2022) (Vol. 61, p. 225). Springer Nature.
Boutib, A., Chergaoui, S., Azizi, A., Achak, D., Saad, E. M., Hilali, A., & Marfak, A. (2024). Health-related quality of life among Moroccan women after vaginal birth and cesarean section: Cross-sectional study. Heliyon, 10(11).
Cafiero, P. J., & Zabala, P. J. (2024). Postpartum depression: Impact on pregnant women and the postnatal physical, emotional, and cognitive development of their children. An ecological perspective. Arch Argent Pediatr, 122(3), e202310217.
Ciobanu, D., Lozincă, I., & Oltean, A. M. (2022). Comparative Study Regarding the Quality of Life of Women after Normal Delivery versus Cesarian Section. Romanian Journal of Physical Therapy/Revista Romana de Kinetoterapie, 28(49).
Daglar, G., Bilgic, D., & Aydın Özkan, S. (2018). Depression, anxiety and quality of life of mothers in the early postpartum period. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 11(4), 152-159.
Damtie, D. G., Workie, M. M., Zeleke, M. E., & Chekol, W. B. (2025). Health related quality of life and associated factors after cesarean delivery among postpartum mothers in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25(1), 355.
Duch, P., Ekelund, K., & Nedergaard, H. K. (2025). What matters to mothers: A qualitative exploration of pain and recovery after cesarean section. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 69(3), e14579.
Dvorak, J., Poncova, R., Fucik, T., Dietz, H. P., Masata, J., Martan, A., & Svabik, K. (2025). Impact of the type of vaginal assisted delivery on the pelvic floor and OASI–Ultrasound study. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 305, 142-146.
El Sayed, S. L. M., & Emarah, H. A. M. (2019). Relationship between mode of birth and quality of life for women’s health during postpartum period. Am J Nurs, 8(2), 75-80.
Ensayan, A. J. M., Cheah, W. L., & Helmy, H. (2023). Postpartum health of working mothers: A prospective study. Malaysian family physician: the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia, 18, 48.
Evans, K., Fraser, H., Uthman, O., Osokogu, O., Johnson, S., & Al-Khudairy, L. (2022). The effect of mode of delivery on health-related quality-of-life in mothers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(1), 149.
Fish-Williamson, A., & Hahn-Holbrook, J. (2023). Nutritional factors and cross-national postpartum depression prevalence: an updated meta-analysis and meta-regression of 412 studies from 46 countries. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1193490.
Heidi, K., Emin, W. S., Taqiyah, Y., & Asnaniar, W. S. (2023). Husband's Support for the Childbirth Process: Concept Analysis. An Idea Nursing Journal, 2(02), 87-91.
Hijazi, H. H., Alyahya, M. S., Al Abdi, R. M., Alolayyan, M. N., Sindiani, A. M., Raffee, L. A., & Al Marzouqi, A. M. (2021). The impact of perceived social support during pregnancy on postpartum infant-focused anxieties: A prospective cohort study of mothers in Northern Jordan. International journal of women's health, 973-989.
Jamal, M. K., Moghadam, F. R., Muhammadamin Malkari, B. H., Meshkvat, M., Rastgou, P., Moghimi, S., & Naderi, M. (2025). Factors influencing the quality of life of postpartum women: a systematic review. Current Psychology, 44(8), 7326-7349.
Jeong, Y. J., Nho, J. H., Kim, H. Y., & Kim, J. Y. (2021). Factors influencing quality of life in early postpartum women. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(6), 2988.
Kayyal, M., Ahmadi, S., Sadeghi, G., Rasoulian-Barzoki, E., Norouzi, S., Abdi, F., & Jandaghian-Bidgoli, M. (2025). Investigating factors affecting the quality of life of women with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25(1), 201.
Keles, E., Kaya, L., Yakşi, N., & Kaya, Z. (2024). Effect of mode of delivery on postpartum health-related quality of life. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 70(4), e20231003.
Khademioore, S., Ebrahimi, E., Khosravi, A., & Movahedi, S. (2023). The effect of an mHealth application based on continuous support and education on fear of childbirth, self-efficacy, and birth mode in primiparous women: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One, 18(11), e0293815.
Koç, Ö., & Oğlak, S. C. (2025). The effect of respectful maternity care on the perception of traumatic birth among mothers in southern Türkiye. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25(1), 532.
Lusambili, A., Kovats, S., Nakstad, B., Filippi, V., Khaemba, P., Roos, N., & Scorgie, F. (2024). Too hot to thrive: a qualitative inquiry of community perspectives on the effect of high ambient temperature on postpartum women and neonates in Kilifi, Kenya. BMC pediatrics, 24(1), 36.
Madurika, D. M., & Yasara, T. P. R. (2024). Postpartum Depression: A review. Proceedings Of The 5th Sliit International Conference On Advancements In Sciences And Humanities;367p.-372p.
Martín-Vázquez, C., Urchaga-Litago, J. D., Garcia-Fernandez, R., Calvo-Ayuso, N., Quiroga-Sánchez, E., & Liébana-Presa, C. (2024). Quality of life and social support during pregnancy in Spanish population. A longitudinal study. Midwifery, 137, 104119.
McCutcheon, A., Zhou, H., & Steen, M. (2025). Maternal Birth Satisfaction Relating to Intraoperative and Early Postpartum Skin-to-Skin Contact with the Neonate During Caesarean Birth: An Integrative Review. Nursing Reports, 15(1), 28.
Mikšić, Š., Uglešić, B., Jakab, J., Holik, D., Milostić Srb, A., & Degmečić, D. (2020). Positive effect of breastfeeding on child development, anxiety, and postpartum depression. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(8), 2725.
Mundhra, R., Gupta, D. K., Bahadur, A., Kumar, A., & Kumar, R. (2024). Effect of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocol on maternal outcomes following emergency caesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X, 22, 100295.
Nayyer, M. A., Khan, S. M., Umer, M., Imran, H., Khalid, S., Murtaza, H., & Fatima, M. (2024). Efficacy and safety of peri-partum Esketamine for prevention of post-partum depression in women undergoing caesarian section: A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 97, 104090.
Neaton, K., Voldanova, L., Kiely, T., & Nagle, C. (2024). Non-pharmacological treatments for shivering post neuraxial anaesthesia for caesarean section: a scoping review. Contemporary Nurse, 60(1), 42-53.
Nechaeva, E. A., Kharkova, O. A., Postoev, V. A., Grjibovski, A. M., & Odland, J. O. (2021). Knowledge on postpartum depression among midwives and nurses: a systemic review. Siberian Medical Review, 6, 44-52.
Nurbaeti, I., Deoisres, W., & Hengudomsub, P. (2018). Postpartum depression and its predicting factors at one month after birth in Indonesian women. Thai Pharmaceutical and Health Science Journal, 13(1), 19-27.
Nuryana, R., Elsanti, D., & Sumarmi, S. (2024). Kualitas Hidup Terkait Kesehatan Pada Ibu Hamil Pasca Operasi Caesar: Studi Longitudinal. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 9(4).
Ojukwu, C. P., Okeke, C. O., Okemuo, A. J., Anekwu, E. M., Ede, S. S., Ilo, I. J., & Akinola, T. O. (2020). Is mode of delivery a determinant of postpartum health-related quality of life in Nigerian Women?. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 29(4), 628-633.
Oxley, M. E., Rubin, B. B., Scholl, C. C., Coelho, F. T., dos Santos, B. B. A., de Matos, M. B., & Trettim, J. P. (2024). Perception of social support and its relationship with the biological rhythm of women in the postpartum period. Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships, 18(1), 143-154.
Putri, A. S., Wurisastuti, T., Suryaputri, I. Y., & Mubasyiroh, R. (2023). Postpartum depression in young mothers in urban and rural Indonesia. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 56(3), 272.
Putriarsih, R., Budihastuti, U. R., & Murti, B. (2018). What are the Factors that Decrease the Risk of Depression in Postpartum Women? A New Evidence from Sukoharjo District, Central Java. In The International Conference on Public Health Proceeding (Vol. 3, No. 01, pp. 170-170).
Qi, W., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Huang, S., Li, C., Jin, H., & Hu, J. (2025). Prediction of postpartum depression in women: development and validation of multiple machine learning models. Journal of Translational Medicine, 23(1), 291.
Rejisha, T. R., Malleshappa, M., Irani, A., Johny, S., & Grace, J. (2021). Child Birth and its Effect on Functional Status of Women: A Review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 33(54B), 289-295.
Reyhan, F. A., & Dağli, E. (2025). The effect of positive birth story videos on women's fear of birth, childbirth self-efficacy and birth preference: A randomized controlled study.
Rezaei, S., Salimi, Y., Zahirian Moghadam, T., Mirzarahimi, T., Mehrtak, M., & Zandian, H. (2018). Quality of life after vaginal and cesarean deliveries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare, 11(3), 165-175.
Safaringga, M., Fetrisia, W., Rahmi, F. S., & Dahlan, F. M. (2023). Analysis of Psychological Problems of Postpartum Blues: Literature Review. International Health Sciences Journal, 1(1), 51-57.
Shakibi, N., Alimoradi, Z., & Bahrami, N. (2024). Investigating the effect of distance counseling of fathers on social support of husband and quality of life after childbirth in primiparous women. Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care, 0-0.
Yeganegi, M., Bahrami, R., Azizi, S., Marzbanrad, Z., Hajizadeh, N., Mirjalili, S. R., & Neamatzadeh, H. (2024). Caesarean section and respiratory system disorders in newborns. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X, 23, 100336.
Yumni, F. L., Priyantini, D., Prabawati, C. Y., & Ayatulloh, D. (2025). Effects of murottal al-qur’an therapy on anxiety and vital signs among primigravida pregnant women in pre-operation caesarean section. J. Ners, 20(2), 127-134.
Zhu, Y., Jiang, L., Ye, T., Liu, Y., Sun, L., Xiao, L., & Shen, T. (2024). Risk factors and patient-reported outcomes in Chinese women with Postpartum Diastasis Recti Abdominis: An observational study. International journal of women's health, 179-192.
Žutić, M. (2023). Los modelos biopsicosociales y la depresión perinatal: una revisión descriptiva. Clínica y Salud, 34(2), 91-99.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
