Laporan kasus gerontik dengan risiko jatuh pada lansia diabetes melitus tipe 2 melalui penerapan latihan jalan tandem
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56922/chi.v3i2.2394
Diabetes Melitus Jalan Tandem Keseimbangan Lansia Risiko Jatuh
Abstract
Background: The elderly are susceptible to degenerative diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This long-term condition can impair balance and gait patterns, thereby increasing the risk of falls. Tandem walking exercises serve as an intervention to improve body balance.
Purpose: To describe nursing care for an elderly patient with T2DM facing fall risk through the implementation of tandem walking exercises and environmental safety management.
Method: A descriptive case study was conducted on Mrs. D (77 years old) using a nursing care process approach. Data were collected through interviews and observations from December 3–12, 2025. The instruments included a gerontic nursing assessment format, featuring the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test.
Results: The assessment revealed that Mrs. D experienced numbness in her feet and instability while walking. Interventions included environmental safety management and tandem walking exercises for 7 days. The final evaluation showed a significant improvement in balance, with a reduction in TUG Test duration by 4.89 seconds (from 21.25 seconds to 16.36 seconds).
Conclusion: The implementation of tandem walking exercises and environmental safety management is effective in addressing fall risk in elderly patients with T2DM.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Balance; Elderly; Fall Risk; Tandem Gait.
Pendahuluan: Lanjut usia (lansia) rentan terhadap penyakit degeneratif seperti Diabetes Melitus (DM) Tipe 2. Kondisi ini jika diderita dalam jangka panjang dapat mengganggu keseimbangan dan pola jalan, sehingga meningkatkan risiko jatuh. Latihan jalan tandem merupakan salah satu intervensi untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan tubuh.
Tujuan: Untuk mendeskripsikan asuhan keperawatan pada lansia DM Tipe 2 dengan masalah risiko jatuh melalui penerapan latihan jalan tandem dan manajemen keselamatan lingkungan.
Metode: Studi kasus deskriptif dilakukan pada Ny. D (77 tahun) dengan pendekatan proses asuhan keperawatan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi pada 3–12 Desember 2025. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan format pengkajian gerontik, termasuk Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test.
Hasil: Menunjukkan Ny. D mengeluh kesemutan pada kaki dan goyah saat berjalan. Intervensi yang diberikan meliputi manajemen keselamatan lingkungan dan latihan jalan tandem selama 7 hari. Evaluasi akhir menunjukkan peningkatan keseimbangan yang signifikan dengan penurunan durasi TUG Test sebesar 4.89 detik (dari 21.25 detik menjadi 16.36 detik).
Simpulan: Penerapan latihan jalan tandem dan manajemen keselamatan lingkungan efektif dalam mengatasi masalah risiko jatuh pada lansia dengan DM Tipe 2.
Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus; Jalan Tandem; Keseimbangan; Lansia; Risiko Jatuh.
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